Volume 23, Issue 4 (3-2026)
RBS 2026, 23(4): 826-836 |
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Ahmadi S, Keyvanlou M. Psychometric Properties of the Online Disinhibition Questionnaire in Adolescent Students. RBS 2026; 23 (4) :826-836
URL: http://rbs.mui.ac.ir/article-1-2014-en.html
URL: http://rbs.mui.ac.ir/article-1-2014-en.html
1- Department of Educational Sciences and Psychology, Faculty of Literature and Humanities, Hakim Sabzevari University, Sabzevar, Iran , sh.ahmadi@hsu.ac.ir
2- 2. MSc in School counseling, Faculty of Educational Sciences and Psychology, University of Mohaghegh Ardabili, Ardabil, Iran
2- 2. MSc in School counseling, Faculty of Educational Sciences and Psychology, University of Mohaghegh Ardabili, Ardabil, Iran
Abstract: (42 Views)
Aim and Background: With the rapid expansion of the Internet and virtual interactions, the phenomenon of online disinhibition has become one of the key concepts in explaining users’ behaviors, especially among adolescents. The present study aimed to examine the psychometric properties of the Online Disinhibition Questionnaire among Iranian adolescent students.
Methods and Materials: This study is a descriptive and developmental study. The statistical population included all male students in the second cycle of secondary education in public schools in Ardabil County in 2022, of whom 300 were selected using a multistage cluster random sampling method. The research instruments included the Online Disinhibition Questionnaire (Udris, 2014), the Cyberbullying Questionnaire (Lopez, 1997), and the Emotional Self-Regulation Questionnaire (Hofmann & Kashdan, 2010). Data were analyzed using internal consistency coefficients, concurrent validity, exploratory and confirmatory factor analyses through SPSS 26 and LISREL 8.8 software. The content validity of the Online Disinhibition Questionnaire was confirmed (CVR = 0.92, CVI = 0.96), and its face validity was approved by experts. Cronbach’s alpha coefficients for the total scale, benign disinhibition, and toxic disinhibition were 0.88, 0.84, and 0.77, respectively.
Findings: Exploratory factor analysis (KMO = 0.87, Bartlett’s test P < 0.001) revealed two factors: Benign Disinhibition and Toxic Disinhibition, which together explained 45.73% of the total variance. First-order confirmatory factor analysis indicated a good model fit (CFI = 0.99, NNFI = 0.99, RMSEA = 0.051). The correlations between the subscales and measures of cyberbullying and emotional self-regulation supported the convergent and divergent validity of the instrument.
Conclusions: Based on the findings, the Persian version of the Online Disinhibition Questionnaire is a valid and reliable tool for assessing this construct in the Iranian cultural context and can be applied in studies on cyberpsychology and educational interventions.
Methods and Materials: This study is a descriptive and developmental study. The statistical population included all male students in the second cycle of secondary education in public schools in Ardabil County in 2022, of whom 300 were selected using a multistage cluster random sampling method. The research instruments included the Online Disinhibition Questionnaire (Udris, 2014), the Cyberbullying Questionnaire (Lopez, 1997), and the Emotional Self-Regulation Questionnaire (Hofmann & Kashdan, 2010). Data were analyzed using internal consistency coefficients, concurrent validity, exploratory and confirmatory factor analyses through SPSS 26 and LISREL 8.8 software. The content validity of the Online Disinhibition Questionnaire was confirmed (CVR = 0.92, CVI = 0.96), and its face validity was approved by experts. Cronbach’s alpha coefficients for the total scale, benign disinhibition, and toxic disinhibition were 0.88, 0.84, and 0.77, respectively.
Findings: Exploratory factor analysis (KMO = 0.87, Bartlett’s test P < 0.001) revealed two factors: Benign Disinhibition and Toxic Disinhibition, which together explained 45.73% of the total variance. First-order confirmatory factor analysis indicated a good model fit (CFI = 0.99, NNFI = 0.99, RMSEA = 0.051). The correlations between the subscales and measures of cyberbullying and emotional self-regulation supported the convergent and divergent validity of the instrument.
Conclusions: Based on the findings, the Persian version of the Online Disinhibition Questionnaire is a valid and reliable tool for assessing this construct in the Iranian cultural context and can be applied in studies on cyberpsychology and educational interventions.
Type of Study: Research |
Subject:
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Received: 2025/10/9 | Accepted: 2026/03/1 | Published: 2026/03/1
Received: 2025/10/9 | Accepted: 2026/03/1 | Published: 2026/03/1
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