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Abstract Aim and Background: The purpose of present study was to prediction of tendency toward drug use based on Substance use risk and protective factors among university students. Methods and Materials: The method of the study was to descriptive-correlational. Statistical population of study included all of Islamic Azad University students of Roudhen Branch from them 310 college students (165 male and 145 female) were selected &nbsp;by multi stage sampling methods and responded to Risk and protective factors questionnaire (Mohammadkhani,1385). Data were analyzed by correlation coefficient and regression statistical methods using SPSS.18. Findings: Among protective factors self-concept and assertiveness have a negative correlation with tendency toward drug use (p<0.01) and among risk factors sensation seeking, attitude toward substance use, family conflicts, availability and social disorganization have a positive relation with attitude toward substance. The result of regression analysis showed that self-concept and attitude toward drug use could explain meaningful contribution of the attitude toward drug use variance. Also there is a significant difference between attitudes toward substance use in girls compared with boys. Conclusions: The recent study emphasis on the role of interpersonal, interpersonal and social- environmental in this area. The results of present study can be used to develop a training package in the prevention of substance abuse.

Keywords: Tendency toward Substance Use, Risk Factors, Protective Factors, Substance Use

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