Showing 3 results for Prevention
مجتبي حبيبي, احمد عاشوري, رضا باقريان سرارودي,
Volume 10, Issue 6 (1-2013)
Abstract
Aim and Background: Biological, psychological and social phenomenon of substance abuse in adolescents is one of the most critical issues facing modern societies. One of the major concerns of the health and social policy makers is the increasing prevalence of addictive behaviors, particularly tobacco smoking in this age group. Prevalence and trends toward high-risk behaviors among adolescents in Iran is rising. Addiction treatment is expensive and difficult which requires comprehensive medical systems with different approaches toward drug treatments, therapies, and rehabilitation. However, over the years, it has been proven that even the most effective therapeutic procedures are associated with high rates of recurrence. Any progress in this treatment may fail due to environmental risk factors in which the substances are readily accessible as well as the social network of friends who supporte and maintain drugs abuse. Therefore, substance abuse prevention is easier than the treatment. Meanwhile, the best and the most logical solution is prevention. Addiction prevention is an important and complex issue that cannot be accomplished without strategic planning. Understanding the latest scientific achievements and execution of logical programs can be beneficial in this regard. One of the defects in the field of substance abuse prevention is lack of comparative studies, and accordingly shortage of Persian resources of modern scientific progression in the field of addiction prevention. This situation has led some investigators toward specific approaches or programs, while lacking comprehensive knowledge about all the available programs. In order to eliminate or reduce these shortcomings, previous research literature on three levels i.e. individual, family and social factors (school and friends) were discussed in this article.
محمد نریمانی, معصومه ملکی پیربازاری, نیلوفر میکائیلی, عباس ابوالقاسمی,
Volume 14, Issue 4 (2-2017)
Abstract
Aim and Background: The aim of the present study was to compare the efficacy of acceptance and commitment therapy (ACT) with exposure and response prevention (ERP) therapy in reducing the obsessions and compulsions of patients with obsessive-compulsive disorder (OCD). Methods and Materials: The present experimental study was conducted with a pretest-posttest design and a control group. The statistical population included all patients with OCD who were older than 18 years of age and referred to private counseling centers and urban and rural health centers in Rasht Province, Iran, in 2014. The statistical sample consisted of 45 patients with OCD selected from among those who referred to these centers. The subjects were randomly divided into experimental (ACT and ERP groups) and control groups. The experimental groups received 8 treatment sessions lasting 45 minutes. In order to assess the severity of obsession and compulsion, the Yale-Brown Obsessive Compulsive Scale (Y-BOCS) was utilized. Findings: There were significant differences among the three groups in terms of post-test scores of obsession and compulsion (P ≤ 0.010). The results of Tukey's test showed that the mean ACT and ERP scores of both experimental groups were significantly lower than that of the control group (P ≤ 0.050). Conclusions: According to the results of this study, ACT causes a greater reduction in the severity of obsessions and compulsion. Thus, mental health experts can use ACT as a therapeutic option.
Dr Mostafa Khanzadeh, Sayyed Abdolali Moosavyzadeh, Razieh Mohamadi,
Volume 19, Issue 3 (10-2021)
Abstract
Introduction: One of the factors influencing the preparation for addiction is personality traits and temperament. Considering that so far little study has been done on the relationship between different temperaments (mizaj) of Persian medicine and preparation for addiction, the present study aimed to investigate the role of these mizaj in studentschr('39') preparation for addiction.
Methods: The design of the present study was descriptive cross-sectional. A total of 241 students studying in the universities of Mobarakeh were selected by quota sampling method and answered the Iranian preparation for addiction scale and Mizaj determination questionnaire. After determining the Mizajes of the sample, the average preparation for addiction was compared with 9 types of mizaj using analysis of variance.
Results: The results of analysis of variance showed that the average preparation for addiction in at least one mizaj is significantly different from other mizajes. Examination of the results of LSD post hoc test showed that the mean of preparation for addiction in warm-temperate mizaj was significantly lower than the mean of preparation for addiction in cold-temperate, cold-wet, and cold-dry and hot-dry mizajes.
Conclusion: In general, the results of the present study show that people with all types of cold and hot-dry mizajes have the highest vulnerability and people with warm-temperate have the least vulnerability to addiction. These results were explained in the theoretical and research context and traditional medicine strategies in maintaining health and tempering mizajes, to protect the tendency to addiction in people with vulnerable mizajes and prevent the movement of non-vulnerable mizajes to the vulnerable were presented.