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Normal 0 false false false EN-US X-NONE FA MicrosoftInternetExplorer4 st1:*{behavior:url(#ieooui) } /* Style Definitions */ table.MsoNormalTable {mso-style-name:"Table Normal"; mso-tstyle-rowband-size:0; mso-tstyle-colband-size:0; mso-style-noshow:yes; mso-style-priority:99; mso-style-qformat:yes; mso-style-parent:""; mso-padding-alt:0cm 5.4pt 0cm 5.4pt; mso-para-margin:0cm; mso-para-margin-bottom:.0001pt; mso-pagination:widow-orphan; font-size:11.0pt; font-family:"Calibri","sans-serif"; mso-ascii-font-family:Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font:minor-latin; mso-fareast-font-family:"Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-theme-font:minor-fareast; mso-hansi-font-family:Calibri; mso-hansi-theme-font:minor-latin; mso-bidi-font-family:Arial; mso-bidi-theme-font:minor-bidi;} Background and aim: ADHD is considered as the most prevalent disorder during childhood and adolescence. For the purposes of diagnosis and treatment various methods including play therapy one applied. This research has been conducted with the aim of studying the effectiveness of  play therapy on severity of  symptoms of Attention Deficit/ Hyperactivity Disorder (ADHD) among primary school male students aged 9-11. Materials and Methods: By considering a experimental design two psychological and counseling clinics in Isfahan were selected. From the population of all clients in the two clinics who were diagnosed as ADHD-C by the psychiatrists, 30 were selected randomly and assigned into the experimental and control groups (15 subjects each). At the pre- and post - test stages, before and after 8 sessions which took 30-45 minutes every two days play therapy with emphasis on increasing attention and decreasing hyperactivity, CSI-4 and MFFT questionnaires were applied to both groups. Furthermore, in order to diagnose any change after the therapy, a follow-up study was conducted after a month. The data were analyzed by SPSS14 software, using ANCOVA. Findings: The play therapy decreased the amount of ADHD, hyperactivity, attention deficit, and response errors symptoms significantly, but increased response time significantly (all at p Conclusion: Considering the significant differences between the experimental and control groups as well as the fallow - up, play therapy may  be applied as an effective method of treatment for children and adolescence with ADHD preferably, a combination of this and other relevant methods may be used for the treatment of those with ADHD. As the ADHD symptoms were decreased significantly after the intervention, the effect of play therapy was confirmed.

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Aim and Background: Schizophrenia, as one of the major psychiatric disorders, usually results in decreased quality of life and level of functioning. This study aimed to follow-up the course, severity, and quality of life in patients with schizophrenia. Methods and Materials: This study was 6 months follow-up on 20 patients with schizophrenia who were admitted to Noor Hospital, Isfahan, Iran. Each patient was evaluated on admission day, discharge, three and six months after discharge. The severity of symptoms and life quality were measured by Positive and Negative Symptoms Scale and quality of life questionnaire. Findings: Mean scores of severity on the admission day was significantly more than discharge and three and six months after discharge (P = 0.001). There was no significant difference between discharge and three and six months after discharge regarding severity of symptoms. Mean scores of quality of life were significantly greater at the time of discharge than three and six months after that (P = 0.03). There were no significant differences observed between discharge time and six month after it, and also between the third and sixth months after discharge. Conclusions: It can be acknowledged that hospitalization of patients can be effective in decreasing the symptom severity and increasing quality of life.

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Aim and Background: The present study aimed to investigate the symptom severity and quality of life in patients suffering from bipolar disorder. Methods and Materials: This longitudinal and prospective study was done on 20 patients with bipolar type I disorder who were hospitalized in Noor Hospital of Isfahan, Iran. Patients were evaluated before hospitalization, at the time of discharge, 3 and 6 months after discharge. Patient’s mood symptoms severity and quality of life were evaluated by Young Mania Rating Scale (YMRS) and World Health Organization’s Quality of Life Questionnaire. Findings: Repeated measure analysis of variance showed that the mean of mood symptoms severity at the time of hospitalization was significantly higher than its mean at the time of discharge, as well as 3 and 6 months after it. However, there was no significant difference between the scores of quality of life at discharge, and 3 and 6 months after discharge. Conclusions: It can be acknowledged that patient’s hospitalization was effective in decreasing the symptom severity and increasing quality of life at the time of discharge and it remained the same through the next stages.

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Abstract Aim and Background: Evidences show that both negative and positive affects play role in tendency to use substances, giving this issue, the current study was conducted in other to investigate relationships between distress tolerance, negative and positive urgency with severity of dependence and craving in people with substance dependency. Methods and Materials: The method of this research was correlation. The whole people with substance dependency were referring to Ardabil centers of addiction treatment, comprised statistical society of this research. One hundred and thirty people were selected by cluster sampling method from this society. Having conducting clinical interview, they responded to questionnaires of demographic characteristics, distress tolerance, negative and positive urgency, severity of dependence and craving. Collected data were analyzed by SPSS 18 with tests of Pearson correlation and multiple regression via inter method. Findings: The results showed that severity of substance dependency related negatively to rate of tolerance (r=-0.33; P≤0.002), absorption(r=-0.26; P≤ 0.01), and total score of distress tolerance (r=-0.25; P≤ 0.02), but positively to negative urgency (r=0.23; P≤ 0.04). Craving also correlated negatively with tolerance(r=-0.35; P≤0.001), appraisal(r=-0.30; P≤0.001), absorption (r=-0.34; P≤0.001), regulation (r=-0.23; P≤0.03), and total score of distress tolerance(r=-0.45; P≤ 0.001), but positively to positive(r=0.26; p≤ 0.03), and negative urgency(r=-0.29; P≤ 0.01). The results of regression analyses also reveled that 31 percent of variance of craving was explained with distress tolerance reversely Conclusions: According to results of this study and importance of craving as a central factor in addiction relapse, training the coping skills with negative affect, especially increasing coping power with distress were suggested for addicted clients along with typical therapies substance abuse and dependency.

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Abstract Aim and Background: Insomnia disorder is a common sleep disorder in which one is unable in sleep onset or its maintenance or continuity. So Current work aims to investigate cognitive behavioral therapy on insomnia disorder treatment. Methods and Materials: Through random sampling 20 individuals with insomnia disorder selected among patients who referred to psychiatrists with complaints of insomnia symptoms in Isfahan, Iran. Farsi versions of Peterborough sleep quality index (PSQI) (Pittsburg Sleep Quality Index) and insomnia severity index (ISI) were used to assess sleep quality and insomnia severity as primary and secondary outcomes after a course of 9 weeks cognitive behavioral therapy. Statistical package for social sciences (SPSS) version 18 was used for analyzing the data .Covariance analysis was used in this work. Findings: Analysis of covariance showed that cognitive behavioral therapy is effective by 65.7 percent in reduction of ISI tests scores and by 84.7 percent in improvement of sleep quality in PSQI questionnaire, and this which is significantly due to effect of group membership in case group. Participants reported improvement of duration and sleep.They also reported more freshness at morning, less distress about and better coping with insomnia.  Conclusions: Assuming that one’s automatic thoughts influence insomnia, this disorder can be treated by changing these thoughts and cognitive behavioral therapy was effective in this regards. Further studies are warranted to investigate the efficacy of CBTFI on other formats of sleep disorders.  

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Aim and Background: The coronavirus epidemic, a phenomenon that shocked the world with its emergence, began in December 2019 in Wuhan, China. Since then, the virus has spread around the world and to date, millions of people have been affected by the disease. This study aimed to predict psychological distress based on coping styles with stress, attitudes toward risk severity, and preventive behaviors of people in Isfahan in terms of corona disease.
 Methods and Materials: The research design was a descriptive correlational study. The statistical population of this study was all people over 18 years old living in Isfahan in 1400 that 351 of them were selected using the available sampling method, responded to questionnaires of Kessler psychological distress, Indler and Parker coping styles stressful situations (short form) and Corona Attitude and preventive measures made by Honarvar & et. al. The data were analyzed using statistical methods Pearson correlation and stepwise regression via SPSS 28.
Findings The results of the analysis showed that attitude toward the severity of covid19, avoidant coping style, emotion-focused coping style, and preventive behaviors can Predict 18% of changes in psychological distress significantly. But Problem-focused coping styles could not predict psychological distress.
Conclusions: The results of the present study can be used to formulate individualistic and community interventions to promote the health of people with epidemic diseases.

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Aim and Background: Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease is one of the diseases that can limit the function of the lungs and consequently the function of the patient's whole body. Therefore, research related to this disease can be effective. Therefore, the aim of this study was to explain the severity of symptoms in patients with COPD based on health-promoting style with a mediating role of personality traits.
Methods and Materials: The present study was descriptive and structural equation modeling. The statistical population of this study included all patients with COPD who referred to the health center of Kosar Hospital in Semnan for a period of 1 year from April to March 2016. 205 people were selected by random sampling method and completed the research questionnaires. Data were analyzed by Pearson correlation and structural equation modeling using SPSS_V19 and LISREL_V8.80 software.
Findings: The results showed that health promotion has a negative and significant effect on neurosis and disease severity. Health promotion has a positive and significant effect on other personality traits (P<0.01). The results also showed that the health-promoting lifestyle variable has an indirect and significant effect on the severity of symptoms due to extraversion (-0.13) and conscientiousness (-0.15).
Conclusions: The findings of this study indicate that the variables of personality traits and health-promoting style were related to the severity of symptoms in patients with COPD and had a direct and indirect effect on it. Therefore, experts' knowledge of these variables can help to improve the lifestyle of people with COPD.

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