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Normal 0 false false false EN-US X-NONE AR-SA MicrosoftInternetExplorer4 Aim and Background: In our society, main pillar of life consist of religion and religious beliefs. and effort for religious training, specially in children, are principal solicitude’s administrators . also, base of child’s religious upbringing effect by their parent’s interaction. The purpose of the present research was to examine The relationship   between   children's perception   of parents violence in child rearing   and children's religious beliefs. Method and Materials: in a field-descriptive research   A sample of 122 elementry school students ages 6 to 11, ( 67 boys and 55 girls) was selected through cluster sampling by using a individual semi-structured interview and analyzing children's paitings gather necessary informations for attain the goals research. Frequency, frequency percent and chi- square were used for daita analysis. Findings: Results show that abused children (physical and verbal) painting god's image used symbol more than human images. In addithion to, abused children prefer to prayed on special time and in time of need and for their families. While children without abuse experiences attend to prayed regularly for their acquaintance , other people and spiritual objectives. Their priorites for praying were "Prayer for health and forgiveness of quilts for themselves and their relatives" and the lowest rank in children' prayers was "prayer for Emam zaman( redeemer )". Conclusions: results suggested to important role of parents and scholastic training. And they expand information about religious psychology in children to our present knowledge. Then they could be useful     for religious training in children.

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Aim and Background: There is a relation between patients&#039; levels of physical functioning and their acceptance of chronic pain. However, this relation has not been examined amongst Iranian chronic pain patients. The purpose of this paper was to evaluate the relation between acceptance of chronic pain and physical disability. Methods and Materials: In a descriptive-correlational study, convenience sampling was used to select 245 chronic pain patients from pain clinics in Tehran, Iran during spring and summer of 2010. The participants completed the Chronic Pain Acceptance Questionnaire (CPAQ) and a demographic questionnaire. They also provided information about physical disability, pain intensity, and daily dysfunction. Data was analyzed using Pearson&#039;s correlation and multiple hierarchical regression models. Findings: There were significant relations between acceptance of pain and pain intensity and disability (P < 0.001). According to the regression model, acceptance of pain could predict a significant proportion of variance of disability scales (i.e. physical disability and daily dysfunction) (P < 0.0001). Therefore, it was a better predictor of disability compared to over pain intensity, gender, education, and pain duration. Conclusions: Chronic pain acceptance is an important factor in reducing the perceived disability in chronic pain patients. Therefore, acceptance-based treatment methods are helpful to decrease pain-related disability.