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Background & Aim: Although socio-economic variables are widely used for describing the tourist&#039;s behavior, but increasing awareness is evident in current researches that personality characteristics might also be useful for that purpose. In this regard, the present study compares the personality characteristics of Iranian tourists with those of non tourists. Method and Materials: In a causal comparative study, 150 tourists and 150 non tourists were selected through an accessible sampling method. They were then administered NEO- Five Factor Inventory and of Zuckerman&#039;s Sensation Seeking Scale-Form V (SSS-V). Data were analyzed using independent t-student test and MANOVA. Results: The findings indicated that the two groups were significantly different regarding the sensation seeking, extroversion and openness characteristics (P < 0.0001). However, no significant difference was found between the two groups regarding other personality characteristics (i.e. neuroticism, agreeableness, conscientiousness). Conclusion: The findings provide empirical support for the proposition that personality characteristics may influence tourism.  

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Aim and Background: Medical tourism is a new form of tourism that had grown exponentially before the COVID-19 Pandemic. Medical tourism is done to improve the health of people and outside their place of residence. The main purpose of this study is to design a marketing model for medical tourism using a Mix method approach during COVID-19.
Methods and Materials: In this research, the researcher has used a Mix method approach. For this purpose, in the first study, to identify the components of medical tourism marketing from the data foundation approach and in the second study, the model is tested using a quantitative method. The required data collection tools in the first study, protocol and in-depth interviews with twenty managers of the tourism center and in the next stage, the required data were distributed among 384 patients of the tourist center and the results were analyzed by Amos software.
Findings: The researcher performed fifteen interviews to theoretical saturation and finally extracted 100 open codes and based on the theoretical literature, the coding was done selectively and the results were presented in the form of six main dimensions and thirty-one sub-dimensions.
Conclusions: The researcher presents his research in the form of a model including six dimensions: satisfaction with the brand of the tourism center, trust in the brand therapy of the medical tourism center, diversity of medical services, marketing of medical tourism, appropriate treatment package, loyalty to the brand of the medical center, and thirty-one sub-dimensions has done.

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Aim and Background: Health tourism is becoming one of the most important branches of the industry. The health industry can act as a driving industry and develop side industries as well. Iran is one of the countries that, in addition to natural attractions, also has good capabilities in the field of treatment, and despite all these potentials, a suitable mechanism for targeting this industry has not been developed in Iran.
Materials and Methods: The present study seeks to provide a providing a model of positive emotions and behavior in health tourism. The statistical population of this research includes health tourists of Adel Hospital in Tehran. The sampling method is being used in several cases. And considering that the statistical population was unlimited, the sample size of 384 people was determined using Morgan's table. A questionnaire has been used to collect the needs and the data analysis has been done using structural models and with the help of SPSS and LISREL software.
Findings: The results of data analysis showed that pleasure affects satisfaction by 5.80, pleasure affects loyalty by 3.34, arousal affects satisfaction by 6.55, and arousal affects loyalty by 7.89 (P<0.05).
Conclusion: It is suggested that service providers and managers of health tourism, by focusing on positive emotions and considering the potential of health tourism in Iran, will create positive behavioral tendencies in health tourists, which will ultimately make better themselves than regional and equal level countries.