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Aim and Background: This research aimed to compare the effects of cognitive behavioral therapy and Islamic-based spiritual-religious psychotherapy on reducing overt anxiety level of male students residing in dormitory. Methods and Materials: This clinical trial study used Cattell's anxiety questionnaire to identify anxious students. Afterwards, 45 students from Allame Tabatabaie University selected and randomly assigned into 3 groups of cognitive behavioral therapy, spiritual-religious psychotherapy, and control. They received therapeutic methods in the form of groups for two hours per week (12 sessions). Data was analyzed using analysis of covariance (ANCOVA). Findings: The results showed that no significant difference between the two therapeutic methods in reducing anxiety levels. In fact, both methods were significantly effective in reducing overt anxiety of students. Conclusions: Islamic-based spiritual-religious psychotherapy and cognitive behavioral therapy can reduce overt anxiety.

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Aim and Background: Patients with ischemic heart disease in acute stage experienced great anxiety and in compared with patients had less anxiety were affected 5 times more to ischemia, re-infarction, tachycardia, arrhythmias and ventricular fibrillation.  Excessive anxiety delays recovery and increases the probability of their death in the first month. Numerous studies have shown that heart disease affect the person's spirituality and suggested that interventions based spirituality may reduce anxiety. Thus, with regard to results of the research findings, vast library search, expert's opinion, one spirituality care program developed and considered its impact on anxiety of ischemic heart patients hospitalized in CCU. Methods and Materials: This was a randomized clinical trial. Sixty-four ischemic patients in CCU randomly divided into test and control groups. Spiritual care program included supportive presence, support from patient’s rituals, and using supportive systems for 3 days and Anxiety Questionnaire completed before and after the intervention for the both groups. Data analysis done through software SPSS and chi-square, independent-t and paired t-tests. Results: Mean score of Anxiety had no significant difference before intervention between two groups (P = 0.91); whereas paired t-test showed there was a significant difference in the test group before and after the intervention (P=0.001), also mean score of anxiety had a significant difference between test and control groups after the intervention (P=0.03). Conclusion: With regard to results of present study spirituality care program could reduce anxiety of ischemic heart patients hospitalized in CCU, so nurses could apply spirituality care program to decrease the anxiety of patients.

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Abstract &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; Aim and Background: This study was aimed to determine the relationship between positive psychological variables (hope and spirituality) psychopathology (depression, stress, anxiety) and quality of life in hemodialysis patients in Isfahan&#039;s Ali Asghar Hospitals. Methods and Materials: This study was a descriptive one, and its population was all Hemodialysis patients in Ali Asghar Hospital. The participants in this study were 96 Hemodialysis patients. They were selected by a simple random sampling method. The survey tools included demographic questions, (SF-36) quality of life, life expectancy, (DASS) depression, stress, anxiety and spirituality questionnaire. Mean and standard deviation were used to analyze the data and for hypothesis testing the Pearson correlation and simultaneous regression analysis were used. Findings: There was a significant relationship between positive psychological variables (hope and spirituality) and psychopathology (depression, stress, anxiety) with quality of life in hemodialysis patients. In other words, participants with higher scores on (spirituality and hope) had a better quality of life, and those who higher score on DASS had a lower quality of life (p<0.05). These finding indicated that: There was a significant relationship between quality of life and spirituality in hemodialysis patients (p<0.05). There was a significant relationship between quality of life and hope in hemodialysis patients (p<0.05). There was a significant relationship between quality of life and (stress, depression and anxiety) in hemodialysis patients (p<0.001). Conclusions: These finding indicated that quality of life in Hemodialysis patients can be predicted by hope and (stress, depression, anxiety) &nbsp;

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Abstract Aim and Background: Establishing and maintaining family and prevention of family breakdown involves having certain abilities and skills. The aim of the present study was to evaluate the role of different dimensions of spirituality and forgiveness as predictors of family efficacy. Methodsand Materials: A correlational method was employed and the following measures were administered to 200 (118 women and 82 men) participants based on their accessibility in the public places Tehran City (2011). The Family Assessment Device (FAD); the Family Forgiveness Scale (FFS) and the Spiritual Attitudes and Ability Questionnaire (SAAQ). Findings: For data analysis, stepwise regression analysis was used . Results showed that there were significant correlations (P<0.01) between all dimensions of spirituality and forgiveness and measures of family efficacy. Amongst subscales of forgiveness, “resolution”, “recognition” and “realization” were stronger predictors. As far as spirituality was concerned, spiritual ability was a stronger predictor of family efficacy than spiritual attitude. Conclusions: It is concluded that forgiveness and spirituality, as two psychological constructs, can play a significant role in promoting family efficacy.

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Aim and Background: In recent years, sources of stress and unfavorable environments have increased. Moreover, the world&#039;s elderly population is growing. Thus, the aim of the present study was the investigation of the effectiveness of spirituality therapy on the resiliency of elderly living in nursing homes. Methods and Materials: This was a quasi-experimental study with pretest and posttest and control group. The study population consisted of all elderly in Sadeghieh Nursing Home, Isfahan, Iran. From among the elderly who gained a score of less than 50, 20 individuals were selected and randomly divided into experimental and control groups (n = 10). The experimental group received 8 sessions of spirituality therapy-based intervention. The Conner-Davidson Resilience Scale was completed by the participants in pretest and posttest stages. The Cronbach&rsquo;s alpha of this scale in Iran was 0.87. Its reliability was obtained through test-retest (0.73). The collected data were analyzed using repeated measures ANOVA in SPSS software. Findings: Group spirituality therapy caused a significant increase in mean scores and resiliency of experimental group in posttest and follow-up stages in comparison to pretest (P < 0.001). Conclusions: The results showed that spirituality therapy is a good method to increase resiliency in the elderly. Through participating in group spirituality therapy sessions and exchanging ideas and opinions, they found meaning and purpose in life and every event. Due to its relevance to the Iranian cultural and religious context, it is recommended that spirituality therapy be offered to other age groups and compared with cognitive therapy in terms of increase in resiliency.

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Generalized anxiety disorder (GAD) is a pervasive disorder that is characterized by excessive anxiety and uncontrollable worry. Numerous mechanisms and risk factors are involved in the development and maintenance of GAD. This study aimed to review the relationship between religiosity and spirituality and GAD as well as its religiously and spiritually integrated treatments. The literature demonstrates that there is a significant relationship between religiously and religious coping with GAD. In addition, religiosity and spirituality have been successfully integrated into GAD treatments. Moreover, religiously and spiritually integrated treatments have a significant effect on GAD symptoms. The finding of the present study underscores the importance of the combination of religious and spirituality factors in the treatments of GAD.

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Aim and Background: Mental health is one of the vital factors in human life. Even, the mental health is important in improving the diseases of the patients. The aim of this study was to investigate the intermediate role of resilience mediation in the relationship between the meaning of life and spiritual health with mental health in patients with colon cancer. Methods and Materials: Participants were 120 patients with colon cancer in stages 1 or 2 selected via convenience sampling method. Participants completed the Meaning in Life Scale (MiLS), Paloutzian and Ellison Spiritual Well-Being Scale (SWBS), Conner-Davidson Resilience Scale Mils Scale (CD-RISC), and Symptom Checklist-25 (SCL-25) questionnaire. Findings: Meaning of life and spiritual health were not able to predict mental health; but, resiliency could predict mental health in a positive and meaningful way. Values, goals, and life perspective components of meaning of life could tend to more resiliency, and result in more mental health. In addition, there were positive significant relationship between the meaning of life, spiritual health, and resilience mediation with mental health. Conclusions: The results showed that values, goals, and life perspective components of the meaning of life can increase the resilience, and thus reduce mental disorders and increase mental health.

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Aim and Background: The number and variety of stressors that people face in elderly period have made it a necessity to pay attention to mental health, especially affective capital in this period. This study was administered with the aim of investigating the effectiveness of spirituality-based existentialism therapy and Islamic spiritual therapy on affective capital among elderly women.

Methods and Materials: The current study was a three group quasi-experimental study with pre-test, post-test and two months follow up design. The sample consisted of 36 elderly women covered by Isfahan comprehensive health care centers who were selected based on convenience sampling method and were randomly assigned into two experimental and one control group (each group 12 person). Experimental groups were treated with spirituality-based existentialism therapy and Islamic Spiritual therapy. Affective Capital Questionnaire (ACQ) was administered to three groups in three stages of research. Data were analyzed using repeated measure analysis of variance trough SPSS version 24 software.

Findings: The results of this study showed that spirituality-based existentialism therapy and Islamic spiritual therapy had significant effect on increasing affective capital.

Conclusions: Spirituality-based existentialism therapy and Islamic spiritual therapy are two appropriate therapies to increase the affective capital of elderly women. They attended to the sessions of these two treatments, found meaning and purpose in life and every event.

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Aim and Background: AIDS is a medical and social problem that is unfortunately associated with a high prevalence in Iran. This study aimed to investigate the effectiveness of spirituality therapy on increasing CD⁴ cell and quality of life in AIDS patients.

Methods and Materials: The statistical population included all AIDS patients referred to Shahriar Health Centers in 2018. Thirty patients were selected by Convenience sampling method and were replaced in two groups of 15 each. Participants were assessed with the World Health Organization Quality of Life Questionnaire (WHOQOL-BREF) and blood tests for CD⁴. Subsequently, participants in the experimental group received 8 sessions (90 minutes) of spiritual therapy and the control group received no training. Data were analyzed by using analysis of analysis and SPSS version 23 software.

Findings: The results showed that spirituality therapy had a significant effect on the increase of CD⁴ in AIDS patients, but it did not have a significant effect on the quality of life of them.

Conclusion: It can be concluded that the effect of spirituality therapy on CD⁴ is effective. But spirituality has not been effective in improving the quality of life.