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Aim and Background: The purpose of this study was to compare executive function and sustained attention in students with obsessive&ndash;compulsive, high schizotypal and overlapping symptoms and a control group. Methods and Materials: The present study assessed undergraduate students of Tabriz University by ex post facto method. Randomized multi-stage cluster sampling was used to select 1570 students. The subjects completed Schizotypal Personality Questionnaire and the Obsessive-Compulsive Inventory-Revised. Then, during the screening phase, 140 students (in groups of 35) were selected. They completed Wisconsin Card Sorting Test, Continuous Performance Test and Stroop color-word test. Data was analyzed using descriptive statistics and ANOVA test. Findings: The results of this study showed a significant difference in executive function and sustained attention between high schizotypy and overlapping groups and the control group (P < 0.05). Except for commission errors in CPT, other differences observed between obsessive-compulsive and control groups in executive function and sustained attention except were insignificant (P > 0.05). Conclusions: The difference between the overlapping group and obsessive-compulsive and high schizotypy groups in terms of executive function and sustained attention pattern may indicate the unique clinical characteristics of the overlapping group.

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Aim and Background: Sustained attention can be evaluated through paper and pencil tasks. The purpose of the present study was to design a sustained attention test and evaluate its validity and reliability. Methods and Materials: The present cross-sectional study was conducted on 230 elementary school students with the mean age of 9.09 &plusmn; 1.46 years (7-11 years). The Continuous Performance Test (CPT) and Persian Attention Registration Test (PART) were conducted on the subjects. The PART was repeated in 151 students after 4 to 6 weeks. The Pearson test was performed for the assesment of test-retest reliability and concurrent validity between the two performances of the test and between CPT and PART results, repectively. Findings: Errors of omission and commission had significant positive correlation in both measures. Errors of omission and commission and the total time of test with Pearson coefficients of0.886, 0.610, and 0.478, repectively, had a significant positive correlation in the two tests (P < 0.001). Conclusions: PART is a valid and reliable test for the evaluation of sustained attention.

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Aim and Background: Given that many factors, including divided attention and sustained attention, can affect change detection; therefore, the purpose of this research is to predict change blindness based on the components of scene complexity, stimulus arousal, symbolic memory, and sustained attention.
Methods and Materials: The research method was relational-exploratory. The statistical population of this research was the students of Payam Noor and Azad Islamic University, Zarand branch, and 200 of them were selected by available sampling method. . In order to collect data, real images with positive, negative and neutral emotional load were used in the form of software prepared to measure change blindness, stimulus emotional load and stimulus complexity. Also, Sperling's test was used to measure symbolic memory and continuous performance test was used to measure sustained attention. Structural equation modeling and confirmatory factor analysis through path analysis and structural equation modeling (SEM) were applied. All analyzes were performed using AMOS and SPSS version 21, and correlation and regression coefficients were used.
Findings: According to the findings of the research, the provided indicators showed the perfect fit of the model. In the final model, the ratio of the chi-square to the degree of freedom or the relative chi-square (2.10), the goodness of fit index (GFI) equals 0.97, the adjusted goodness-of-fit index (AGFI) equals 0.97, the incremental goodness-of-fit index (IFI) is equal to 0.96, Tucker-Lewis Index (TLI) is equal to 0.92, Normalized Fit Index (NFI) is equal to 0.94, and Root Mean Square Error (RMSEA) is equal to 0.06.
Conclusions: The findings showed that the components of scene complexity, stimulus emotional load, symbolic memory and sustained attention have a direct and negative effect on change blindness. Also, the findings indicate that the initial fit indices in Nayed patterns affecting change blindness confirm the appropriateness of the pattern.