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Abstract Aim and Background: Due to the high incidence of breast cancer and the importance of spiritual well-being (SWB) of patients with this type of cancer, this study was performed to predict the role of psychological, medical and demographic factors, on SWB in patients with breast cancer Methods and Materials: This Cross sectional study was a descriptive-analytic one conducted in 341 breast cancer patients with simple sampling methodology. Data collection instrument included a questionnaire contains 3 parts (demographic and medical information, SWB questionnaire and DASS-42 questionnaire). The data was analyzed by descriptive and analytical statistics (One way Analysis of Variance, Student t-Test, Pearson and Spearman correlation coefficients and Multiple linear regressions), with applying SPSSv20 software. Findings: Based on study findings, there was a statistically significant relationship between SWB and stress, anxiety and depression among breast cancer patients. The results of regression analysis indicated that the stress, anxiety and depression explained totally 39.5% of the variance of patients' SWB (R 2 = 39.5). Depression in the first was the best predictions of the breast cancer patients' SWB with R 2 = 26.2. Conclusions: According to the results obtained, SWB of patients with breast cancer is predicable according to the stress, anxiety and depression. Breast cancer patients with higher grades of SWB, had lower stress, anxiety and depression so SWB is a protective factor against stress, anxiety and depression.  

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Aim and Background: The purpose of this study was to compare positive and negative psychological states between the two groups of patients with coronary heart disease with and without metabolic syndrome, and to investigate the relationship between these psychological factors and the risk of metabolic syndrome. Methods and Materials: In this comparative study, the study population consisted of all patients with middle-aged coronary artery disease (35-60 years old) who were enrolled at the Rehabilitation Center of the Cardiology Research Institute, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Iran, from 2012 to 2016. Totally, 61 patients were selected through purposive sampling in September, 2016. They participated in the research by completing some questionnaires including Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale (HADS), Life Orientation Test-Revised (LOT-R), Oxford Happiness Questionnaire (OHQ), Adult Hope Scale (AHS), the Satisfaction with Life Scale (SWLS), and Positive and Negative Affect Scale (PANAS), and performing physiological assessments related to metabolic syndrome. Data were analyzed using analysis of variance (ANOVA), Mann-Whitney, and Pearson correlation tests. Findings: There were significant differences between the two groups of patients with coronary heart disease with and without metabolic syndrome in terms of depression, optimism, hope, and happiness. Moreover, depression, optimism, hope, and happiness had significant relationship with the risk of metabolic syndrome. Conclusions: The research findings support the link between psychological variables and metabolic syndrome.

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and Background: Research has shown that teacher education systems can be affected by social crises such as Covid-19, so the purpose of this study is to provide a model of personality components and psychological factors affecting teacher teaching during the outbreak of Covid-19.
Methods and Materials: The research method is descriptive correlation and path analysis using structural equations. The statistical population of the study is all primary school teachers in District 2 of Mashhad who are teaching in the 98-97 academic year. The studies revealed that 873 people are teaching in primary schools, of which 329 were women and 544 were men. The instruments used in the present study are the Transformational Teaching Questionnaire, the Social Factors Questionnaire and the Hexaco Personality Factors Questionnaire, which were completed by the sample members in accordance with the ethical principles of the research. The obtained data were analyzed using structural equations with partial least squares approach using LISREL software.
Findings: Statistical findings showed a good fit of the model and significant confirmation of the researcher model (P≥0.001).
Conclusions: It seems that paying attention to personality components is an important factor in providing teaching during the outbreak of Covid-19.

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Aim and Background: Paramedical majors are an attractive and highly demanded field of study among students. But recently, one can see students and graduates of these fields changing majors, failing academics, and re-participating in the national exam. This research was conducted to investigate and identify the psychological factors of harm in the process of choosing a major for paramedical students.
Methods and Materials: This study was conducted with a qualitative approach, using the grounded theory method and Strauss and Corbin approach. The statistical population included all the students in paramedical majors of Tabriz University of Medical Sciences who studied in the academic year 2021-2022, 18 male and female students, were selected using purposeful sampling and semi-structured interviews.
Findings: The information were recorded, coded, and categorized in the form of secondary codes, categories, and classes. The analysis of students' opinions led to the identification of 112 secondary codes, 14 sub-categories, and 4 main categories including inefficient cognitive skills, disturbed orientation, unsatisfied emotions and, ineffective behaviors and actions.
Conclusion: The findings of the research indicate that psychological factors play a significant role in creating and continuing the harms of the process of choosing an academic major, and individual and psychological problems can face challenges in the correct path of choosing a major. The results of this study can be effective in identifying and reducing the harms caused by personal and psychological factors in the path of choosing an academic major.