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This review tried to describe the historical development of consultation-liaison (CL) psychiatry and psychosomatic medicine in the world and Iran. It also aimed to present a classification of different models of patient care and service delivery in CL psychiatry. It finally provided some explanation about the status of psychosomatic medicine and CL psychiatry in Germany as a different model in comparison with other parts of the world.

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In 1952, the American Psychiatric Association's Committee on Nomenclature and Statistics published the first edition of diagnostic and statistical manual of mental disorders (DSM-I). Five editions have been published since then: DSM-II (1968), DSM-III (1980), a revised DSM-III, DSM-III-R (1987), DSM-IV (1994), and DSM-IV-TR (TR stands for Text Revision) (2000). The purpose of this article was to present a brief review about changes in DSM (from DSM-IV-TR to DSM-5). Publication of the fifth edition of diagnostic and statistical manual of mental disorders (DSM-5) in May 2013 will be marked as one of the most anticipated events in the mental health field. As part of the development process, based on concerns about the reliability of the proposed attenuated psychosis syndrome and mixed anxiety depressive disorder in the field trials, these two conditions are being recommended for further study in section III. A footnote was also added to the major depressive disorder criteria to clarify the difference between normal bereavement associated with a significant loss and a diagnosis of a mental disorder. Among the other significant changes in this study was personality disorders diagnostic criteria for pedophilic disorder which was modified. Communication disorders now include two diagnoses: Language disorders and speech disorders. Simple somatic symptom disorder was a milder form of complex somatic symptom disorder; the two have now been combined as a single disorder namely somatic symptom disorder. Non-suicidal self-injury disorder and persistent complex bereavement disorder. In the fifth edition of diagnostic and statistical manual of mental disorders (DSM-5) that has been published in May 2013, there are several significant changes in diagnostic criteria, some classifications, subscales, and proposed new terms.

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Abstract Aim and Background: Nurses is one of the essential parts in the management process of psychiatric patients. For this purpose, they need proper knowledge and attitude about psychiatry drugs medical intervention) and nonmedical intervention. So, it is important to promote nurses&rsquo; knowledge and attitude by education based on need assessment. This study aimed to define the efficacy of a Medical and nonmedical Intervention workshop for nurses in psychiatric wards of educational hospitals in Isfahan. Methods and Materials: This is a quasi-experimental study .Study population comprised all nurses working in psychiatric wards of Nour and Farabi hospitals in Isfahan in 2012. An educational workshop was held through educational sessions in form of lectures and group discussion in two above-mentioned hospitals. Nurses&rsquo; level of knowledge and attitude were investigated by a researcher made questionnaire before, immediately after and three months after intervention. Data were analyzed by descriptive statistical tests of repeated measure ANOVA and Bonfrroni. Findings: A significant increase was observed in mean scores of nurses&rsquo; knowledge immediately after and three months after education compared to before education (P<0.001). Also, the mean of attitude score in 3 Phases have significant deferent (P<0.009). Nurses have high satisfaction (86.3%) of need assessment based education workshop. And it is effective in the science information Revival of nurses Conclusions: The workshop of medical and nonmedical intervention notably affected the promotion of nurses&rsquo; knowledge and attitude. With regard to nurses&rsquo; satisfaction from the workshop which was held, designing and organizing educational workshops based on a constant needs assessment is suggested for promotion of nursing cares.

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Aim and Background: The concept of wisdom and its other equivalents have an important place in Islamic sciences, psychology, and psychiatry because of their determining roles in human health. Therefore, The present study explained and compared this concept in these three resources. Methods and Materials: In this was a review study, after looking up the word "wisdom" in the Arabic, Persian, and English dictionaries, and Quranic Arabic Corpus, the concept was extracted from the perspective of Islamic philosophers, Imams, the Quran, and academic textbooks of psychiatry and psychology. Finally, the common features and points and differences of the concept in the mentioned resources were described. Findings: Wisdom can be described in three perspectives. The Islamic literature has divided wisdom into theoretical and practical and described it as judgment power, preventer of deviation and corruption, the basis of human personality, and a human appraisal criterion in the hereafter. Psychiatry has defined wisdom as having true insight into the self, one’s disorders, and correct judgment in various conditions. In psychological literature, the concept of wisdom is the ability to think and practice based on knowledge, experience, and correct insight. Conclusions: All three resources believe in the gradual evolution of wisdom and consider various factors affecting this evolution. However, in the Islamic view, the concept of the hereafter, as an important and essential concept, has different approaches and perspectives.