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Showing 9 results for Overweight

سعيده فنايي, ايلناز سجاديان,
Volume 14, Issue 2 (12-2016)
Abstract

Aim and Background: Experiential avoidance is a behavior pattern that increases binge eating among overweight and obese individuals. The objective of this study was to investigate the efficacy of acceptance and commitment therapy (ACT) on experiential avoidance among overweight and obese individuals in Isfahan, Iran. Methods and Materials: The present quasi-experimental research was conducted with a pretest-posttest, double-blind, and multicenter design with control group. The statistical population of the study consisted of all overweight and obese individuals a body mass index (BMI) of more than 25 referring to nutrition and diet therapy clinics in the winter of 2015. From among them, 40 individuals were selected through convenience sampling based on the study criteria and were randomly assigned to the experimental and control groups (each group = 20 individuals). Both groups completed the Acceptance and Action Questionnaire for Weight-Related Difficulties (AAQW) designed by Lillis and Hayes, at pretest, posttest, and follow-up stages (45 days after the intervention). The reliability of the AAQW was calculated using Cronbach&#039;s alpha coefficient (&alpha; = 0.91) and its content validity was confirmed by experts. The experimental group received 8 60-minute sessions of ACT. The control group, however, received no intervention. Data were analyzed using ANCOVA in SPSS software. Findings: There was a significant decrease in experiential avoidance among the experimental group participants (P < 0.05). Moreover, this effect was maintained until the follow-up stage. Conclusions: According to the results, ACT can be considered as an efficient intervention for the reduction of experiential avoidance in overweight and obese individuals. The reduction in experiential avoidance results in the increasing of psychological flexibility in these individuals. Therefore, ACT can be used in conjunction with other weight control interventions.
افسانه كرباسي عامل, سعيد کرباسي عامل,
Volume 15, Issue 2 (7-2017)
Abstract

Aim and Background: Attention deficit-hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) is the most common behavioral problem that causes hyperactivity, attention deficits, academic failure, and emotional and behavioral problems in preschool and elementary school. The aim of this study was to determine the effectiveness of parent-based cognitive-behavioral therapy (CBT) on overweight and self-esteem in 6- to 11-year-old obese children with attention deficit-hyperactivity disorder in Isfahan City, Iran. Methods and Materials: This quasi-experimental study was done on 40 children aged 6 to 11 years with attention deficit-hyperactivity disorder and overweight or obesity (above the 85th percentile in weight for age, height, and sex diagram) referred to Isfahan child and adolescent psychiatric clinic of Ali Asghar hospital in 2015. For 20 subjects only attention deficit-hyperactivity disorder treatment was applied and they received no other intervention; but the others in experimental group participated in cognitive behavioral therapy sessions. Analysis tools were Coppersmith Self-Esteem Scale and the body mass index. Data were analyzed using analysis of variance with repeated measures. Findings: Cognitive-behavioral therapy by teaching parents had a significant effect on overweight in obese children with attention deficit-hyperactivity disorder at post-test and follow-up. It had a significant effect on self-esteem among the obese children with attention deficit hyperactivity disorder at post-test, too (P < 0.001). Conclusions: Parents-focused cognitive-behavioral therapy can be considered as a complementary treatment for reducing psychological symptoms and body mass index and also increasing self-esteem in obese children with attention deficit-hyperactivity disorder.
مريم فولادوند, فرح لطفی کاشانی, شهرام وزیری, حسن احدی,
Volume 15, Issue 4 (8-2017)
Abstract

Aim and Background: Today, due to changes in lifestyle and weight gain, the age of diabetes is reduced, and the prevalence of diabetes is increasing. The aim of this study was to determine the effectiveness of cognitive-behavioral group therapy on weight loss, and blood glucose level in women with type 2 diabetes mellitus. Methods and Materials: In a semi-experimental, and pretest, posttest study with control group, 40 obese (body mass index of more than 30 kg/m 2 ) women with an age range of 30-65 years and with type 2 diabetes mellitus were randomly selected and divided into two equal groups of experimental and control. The patients were referred to the Iranian Diabetes Association (Central Branch), Tehran, Iran. The experimental group participated in a program of 24 sessions of 60 minutes based on cognitive-behavioral obesity intervention, that included two phases of reduction and weight retention; but the control group did not receive any training. Weighing and taking blood samples (for evaluation of the average level of three-month blood glucose) were performed at the first and last session of the intervention. Findings: The cognitive-behavioral obesity therapy led to weight loss in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus, and also reduced the level of blood glucose in them. Conclusions: The results indicate the effectiveness of cognitive-behavioral therapy in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus. These findings are of great importance in controlling the weight, and blood glucose level in these patients; since it is possible to use alternative therapies, such as cognitive-behavioral therapy in treatment of obesity, as non-conventional medical treatments.
Sahar Ashrafi, Abdolmajid Bahrainian, Kobra Hajializadeh, Ali Delavar,
Volume 18, Issue 2 (7-2020)
Abstract

Aim and Background: Eating disorders are a category of mental / psychiatric disorders that cause many problems in physical health and mental functioning. The aim of the present study was to investigate the effectiveness of acceptance and commitment therapy on the Bulimia nervosa of overweight women.
Methods and Materials: The present study is a Semi-experimental with pre-test and post-test design with control group. In this study, 40 overweight women with BMI greater than 30 in area 1 of Tehran were selected by available sampling method and were randomly divided into experimental and control groups. Subjects responded to the Garner et al (1982) Eating Questionnaire in two stages of pre-test and post-test. The experimental group received 8 sessions of 60 min of acceptance and commitment-based therapy in the group, while the control group received no treatment. Data were analyzed using descriptive statistics, univariate and multivariate analysis of covariance and SPSS software version 25.
Findings: Comparison of experimental groups with control group showed that Bulimia nervosa and its sub-scales (diet, overeating and mental health with food and oral restraint) were significantly reduced in experimental group compared to control group and the efficacy of acceptance and commitment-based treatment on Bulimia nervosa was confirmed at post-test (p<0.001). The effect was between 75.7% and 81.1%.
Conclusions: Generally, the results indicated a significant effect of a course of acceptance and commitment-based treatment on the variables of Bulimia nervosa and weight loss in overweight women.
Nazanin Fahimi, Azar Kiamarsi, Reza Kazemi, Mohammad Narimani,
Volume 18, Issue 4 (1-2021)
Abstract

Aim and Background: Overweight and obesity is one of the health problems of developing and developed countries and is increasing at an alarming rate throughout the world, especially in children and adolescents. The aim of this study was to investigate the effect of emotion regulation training along with diet on psychological flexibility and self-regulatory behavior of overweight adolescents.
Methods and Materials: This research was a quasi-experimental study that was a practical and semi-experimental design of pre-test, post-test and follow-up with a control and experimental group. The statistical population of the present study included all female adolescents of the first secondary school of Tonekabon city in the academic year of 1998-99, whose number was 286. Research sample 30 students were selected by multi-stage cluster sampling method and randomly assigned to the experimental and control groups (15 experimental, 15 control). For data collection, Brown et al. (1991) Self-Regulation Scale, Bond et al. (2011) Acceptance and Practice Questionnaire (Mental Flexibility), and Body Mass Index (BMI) were used before and after the training. Emotion regulation training was performed as a group on the experimental group and during this period the members of the control group did not receive any intervention. Research data were analyzed by multivariate analysis of covariance and Bonferren post hoc test in SPSS24.
Findings: It showed that emotion regulation training along with diet was effective on psychological flexibility and self-regulatory behavior of overweight adolescents.
Conclusions: According to the obtained results, emotion regulation training along with diet has an effect on increasing mental flexibility and improving the self-regulatory behavior of overweight adolescents.
Maryam Tat, Hassan Rezayi Jamaloei, Mostafa Khanzadeh, Mojtaba Ansari Shahidi, Dr Mehdi Taheri,
Volume 19, Issue 4 (1-2022)
Abstract

Aim and Background: The present study was conducted to investigate the informational-motivational-behavioral structural model based on the role of impulsivity moderator among women with body mass index above 25.
Methods and Materials: The present study was a cross-sectional correlation of structural equations. The statistical population of the study was all women referring to diet centers, health centers and sports clubs in Isfahan in 2020-2021, from which 444 people were selected by multi-stage sampling method. A researcher-made information-motivational-behavioral questionnaire and Patton et al.'s (1959) impulsivity questionnaire were used to collect data. Amos software (24V-) was used for data analysis.
Findings: The results showed the moderating role of impulsivity in the mentioned model (X2/df = 3.46, GFI = 0.981, CFI = 0.977, RMSEA = 0.08, SRMR = 0.073, NFI = 0.970, TLI = 0.928 and AGFI= 0.924). In the three groups of low, medium and high impulsivity, health behavior was influenced by information. In the moderate impulsivity group, health behavior was influenced by motivation. In the three groups of low, medium and high impulsivity, health behavior was affected by behavioral skills. In individuals with low and high impulsivity, information had a significant indirect effect on health behavior through behavioral skills. In individuals with high impulsivity, motivation had a significant indirect effect on health behavior through behavioral skills.
Conclusions: The application of these structures such as information, motivation, behavioral skills and attention to levels of impulsivity can help researchers and therapists in the field to prevent obesity and even design appropriate treatments and good diets.
Hassan Abdi, Zeynab Samadi, Mohammadreza Ghodrati,
Volume 21, Issue 2 (7-2023)
Abstract

Aim and Background: The purpose of this study was to compare the effectiveness of combining aerobic exercise and diet with and without mindfulness motivational interviewing on cravings and quality of life of overweight non-athletes’ men.
Materials and Methods: semi-experimental research method with a pre-test and post-test research design with experimental and control groups. The statistical population of the research was made up of non-athletic men referring to the clubs of Shahrood city. The sampling method was purposeful, and based on the criteria for entering the research, 34 people were selected randomly into 3 control groups (12 people), aerobic exercise and low-calorie diet (11), and aerobic exercise and low-calorie diet together with interviews. Motivation and mindfulness (11) were divided. The research tools included the food craving questionnaire (FCQ) and the World Health Organization quality of life questionnaire. One-way analysis of variance was used for intergroup changes using SPSS version 25 software and a significance level of P<0.05.
Findings: The results of the research showed that there is a difference between the post-test averages of craving variables and quality of life in the control and experimental groups (p≥0.001). But there is no significant difference between the two experimental groups (p≤0.001).
Conclusion: It seems that both experimental groups have the same effect on quality of life and craving variables. In this regard, in order to increase the external validity of the research, it is suggested that more research be done.
Mis Manijeh Kamali, Dr Gholamreza Manshaee, Dr Hajar Torkan,
Volume 22, Issue 3 (10-2024)
Abstract

Aim and Background: Eating disorders and obesity are serious health issues with poor treatment outcomes and high relapse rates despite established treatments. According to research evidence, virtual reality technology can improve the outcomes of current treatments and be used as an adjunct tool in their treatment. The aim of this study was to investigate the efficacy of virtual reality-based therapy for overweight individuals on trait-state anxiety and eating behavior in overweight individuals.
Methods and Materials: . The research design was semi-experimental with pre-test, post-test, control group, and follow-up. The statistical population consisted of all visitors to weight loss clinics in Isfahan from 2021 to 2022, and the research sample of 30 overweight individuals was selected purposefully from the mentioned population based on inclusion and exclusion criteria. They completed the Spielberger State-Trait Anxiety Inventory (Spielberger, 1970) and the Eating Behavior Inventory (Van Strien et al, 1986). Data analysis was performed using repeated measures analysis of variance.
Findings: The results indicated that virtual reality-based therapy for overweight individuals was effective in reducing trait-state anxiety and improving eating behavior. Furthermore, the effects were sustained at the follow-up stage. (p < 0.001).
Conclusions: Based on the findings of this research, it can be said that overweight individuals can interactively learn stress and anxiety management skills using virtual reality technologies and use these skills instead of uncontrollable eating behaviors in stressful situations
Sara Azadi, Fatemeh Nemati Sogolitappeh, Mostafa Zarean,
Volume 22, Issue 3 (10-2024)
Abstract

Aim and Background: Weight-based rejection sensitivity is a significant psychological factor in individuals with overweight and obesity, which can have considerable negative impacts on their mental and physical health. this study aimed to examine the factor structure and psychometric properties of the Persian version of the Weight-Based Rejection Sensitivity Scale (W-RS) in overweight and obese individuals.
Methods and Materials: The research followed a descriptive validation design. The study population included overweight and obese individuals, from which 372 participants with a body mass index over 25 were selected using convenience sampling. Participants completed the Weight-Based Rejection Sensitivity questionnaire. The scale's factor structure was assessed through exploratory factor analysis and confirmatory factor analysis, while test-retest reliability, internal consistency, and convergent validity were also evaluated. Data analysis was performed using SPSS version 26 and AMOS version 24 softwares.
Findings: The exploratory factor analysis results indicated that the scale consists of two factors: "Interpersonal Sensitivity" and "Situational Sensitivity." The confirmatory factor analysis supported the two-factor structure identified. The test-retest reliability coefficients for the subscales and the overall scale ranged from 0.85 to 0.91 Additionally, Cronbach's alpha coefficients were between 0.92 and 0.95, indicating strong internal consistency. A composite reliability above 0.7 and an average variance extracted above 0.5 further confirmed the scale's convergent validity.
Conclusions: The confirmatory factor analysis fit indices indicated that the two-factor model of the Weight-Based Rejection Sensitivity Scale showed a good fit with the data. Thus, the scale is a valid and reliable tool for assessing anxious expectations of rejection in overweight and obese individuals

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