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Aim and Background: Child social phobia is a common anxiety disorder that there is different intervention psychology treatment for it. The main purpose of this research was to determine the effect of Cognitive-behavior group play therapy on social phobia in 5-11 years old children. Methods and Materials: In this research of quasi experimental, from among of the children who were referred to child psychiatric clinics and who diagnosed by psychiatrist as having social phobia, 30 children were selected as an accessible sample and randomly divided into control and experimental groups. The experimental group received the group play therapy in 6 weekly sessions and the control group which did not receive any intervention. The parent form of sub-scales of social phobia of the Child Abnormal Symptoms Inventory (CSI-4) was administered to all subjects as the pre, post and follow up tests. Findings: The results showed that the difference between mean post test scores of social phobia in the experimental group means post test scores was significant, lower than the control group (P = 0.01). The results of fallow up test was also significant (P < 0. 01), the mean scores of the experimental group was less than that of control group. Conclusions: This research show that social phobia in experimental group was than control group, this finding is similar to research in Iran and another country. Cognitive- behavior group play therapy is effective to reducing children social phobia.

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Aim and Background: Insomnia, one of the prevalent disorders, in many cases is considered as a sign associated with physical and mental disorders. The present study aimed to investigate the effectiveness of Cognitive-Behavioral Group Therapy on these symptoms among male prisoners. Methods and Materials: subjects of this experimental study were 28 male prisoners in central prison of Shiraz who were randomly assigned to experimental and control groups. The experimental group participated in 9 cognitive behavioral group therapy sessions, while the control group received no treatment. The participants completed Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index, Beck Depression Inventory, and Beck Anxiety Inventory. Data was analyzed using Analysis of Covariance. Results: High percentage of prisoners reported insomnia symptoms. Moreover, the results of Analysis of Covariance showed that cognitive behavioral group therapy could decrease insomnia symptoms in post-test (p<0.01) and follow-up (p<0.05) stages. Conclusion: Taking into account the high prevalence of insomnia among prisoners and effectiveness of Cognitive-Behavioral Group Therapy on its symptoms, it seems necessary to carry out more research and provide psychological services to decrease insomnia symptoms and its underlying factors.

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Aim and Background: Migraine is a common neurological disorder characterized by severe and disabling headache usually accompanied with nausea or vomiting, photophobia, and phonophobia, and results in varied levels of disability. Thus, clinicians must consider factors which influence the development, course, and severity of individual headache attacks and subsequent disability in order to minimize the frequency of attacks, reduce their severity, and limit their impact on functioning. Methods and Materials: This quasi-experimental clinical trial was conducted with a 3-month follow-up and control group. The study subjects consisted of 55 patients with migraine who had referred to neurologic clinics of hospitals in Ahwaz, Iran. The subject were selected through continuous sampling and randomly assigned to the 3 groups of psychosocial therapy (n = 20), biofeedback therapy (n = 15), and control (n = 20). Psychosocial and biofeedback therapies were implemented in 8 sessions, each lasting 60 minutes, based on the designed protocol. Data collection tools were a demographic checklist, the Migraine Disability Assessment (MIDAS) questionnaire, and biofeedback galvanic skin response (GSR) system. Data were collected for each group in 3 stages (pretest, posttest, and follow-up). Data were analyzed using repeated measures MANOVA in SPSS software. Findings: The severity of headache attacks in the three stages was significantly different (P < 0.001) in the two groups. A significant correlation was observed between mean severity of the stages and the groups (P < 0.001). Mean headache disability of the three stage were also significantly different (P < 0.001); in addition, there was a significant correlation between mean scores and groups (P < 0.001). Psychosocial therapy showed higher reduction in the severity of migraine attacks and headache disability, compared to biofeedback therapy, and its effects had persisted in the follow-up stage. Conclusions: The findings of this study revealed that psychosocial and biofeedback therapies were effective on improvement of migraine attacks and decreasing of headache disability. However, psychosocial therapy was more efficient in decreasing migraine attacks and headache disability in comparison to biofeedback therapy.

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Aim and Background: A reason for the higher prevalence of psychological problems in individuals with obesity is their lack of emotional control. The aim of this study was the assessment of the effectiveness of emotion regulation techniques on the psychopathological problems in women with obesity. Methods and Materials: The present clinical trial was conducted through pretest-posttest method and follow-up. From among all women with BMI of over 25 in Isfahan, Iran, in 2015, 24 women were selected through convenience sampling and randomly assigned to two experimental (emotion regulation techniques) and control groups. Data were collected using the Symptom Checklist-90 (SCL-90) questionnaire. The collected data was analyzed using ANCOVA in SPSS software. Findings: The results of psychopathology dimensions indicated that the effect of emotion regulation on the reduction of anxiety and obsession was not significant in the posttest stage (P > 0.05), but it was significant in the follow-up stage (P < 0.05). However, emotion regulation had a significant effect on the reduction of depression and somatization in the posttest and follow-up stages (P < 0.05). Conclusions: It can be concluded that emotion regulation education is effective on the improvement of psychopathological symptoms in patients with obesity and it has some important implications in the consideration of emotion regulation group therapy in the reduction of the problems of patients with obesity.

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Aim and Background: The aim of this study was the evaluation of the effectiveness of group cognitive behavioral therapy (CBT) on the reduction of adjustment disorder in elderly individuals. Methods and Materials: This was a semi-experimental and empirical study. The statistical population consisted of elderly individuals referring to daily rehabilitation centers and the Institute of Jahan Didegan in Tehran, Iran, for treatment and promotion of their psychological status. Subjects were selected via simple random and convenience sampling method. First, the Critical Life Event Inventory (CIEI) and Mini-Mental State Examination (MMSE) were completed through clinical interviews. Then, by performing the Bell Adjustment Inventory (BDI), those with adjustment disorder were identified based on the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders-5th Edition (DSM-V) criteria. Among the individuals with adjustment disorder, 30 elderly individuals were selected randomly and divided into 2 groups (N = 15 in each) of cognitive-behavior therapy (experimental) and control (waiting list). Finally, the posttest and 1-month fallow-up were conducted for both groups. Findings: ANOVA and Tukey test results revealed that there was a significant difference between the mean posttest and follow-up scores of the cognitive-behavioral therapy group on the reduction of adjustment disorder in elderly individuals (P = 0.001). Conclusions: CBT was effective on reducing adjustment disorder in elderly individuals.

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Aim and Background: Addiction and its unpleasant consequences are one of the most important public health problems worldwide. Initial maladaptive schemas are related to addiction. The purpose of this study was to compare the effectiveness of admission and commitment therapy (ACT) and schema therapy on early maladaptive schemas in addicted people. Methods and Materials: The research method was pre-test, post-test experimental study with control group. The statistical population included 1500 people. A sample of 60 people was selected and randomly assigned to 3 groups, one control group (n = 20), and two experimental groups (n = 20, each). Young schema questionnaire short form (YSQ-SF) was used to measure early maladaptive schemas. The experimental groups participated in 12 sessions of the treatment group weekly for two 90-minute sessions. Descriptive statistics including mean and standard deviation, and inferential statistics were analyzed using covariance analysis, homogeneity and uniformity tests of variance and post hoc test. Findings: ACT and schema therapy were effective on the components of early maladaptive schemas. Conclusions: The group-based ACT and schema therapy have been able to reduce early maladaptive schemas and can be used in the treatment of patients with this disorder.

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Aim and Background: Breast cancer, one of the most important cancers, creates many challenges for women who are suffering from it. The aim of present study the study of the efficacy of Comparison of The effectiveness of cognitive-behavioral group therapy and acceptance and commitment group therapy on Self-efficacy in breast cancer patients. Methods and Materials: In a semi experimental study, pre-test, post-test and follow-up with the control group, 60 subjects who were admitted to the study were selected by available sampling method. The subjects were matched on demographic factors and divided in 3 groups of 20 persons. For the group based on acceptance and commitment, 8 training sessions were held and 10 training sessions were held for the group based on cognitive-behavioral therapy, while no intervention was provided for the control group. At the end of the training sessions, The self-efficacy scale (post-test) was performed in each of the 3 groups. Also, 2 months after treatment, 3 groups completed again The self-efficacy scale in the follow up phase. Data analysis was performed using the Repeated Measurement Test and Multivariate Covariance Analysis. Findings: The results demonstrated that both group therapies Improve self-efficacy among patients (P>0.001). Also, the results showed that there is no significant difference between two methods in Improve self-efficacy in patients with breast cancer. (P>0.05) Conclusions: Acceptance and commitment therapy and cognitive - behavioral therapy are effective in Improve self-efficacy in patients with breast cancer.

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Aim and Background: Separation anxiety disorder is one of the first and most common psychological disorders in children. Therefore, therapeutic interventions to reduce this disorder is important. The aim of this study was to evaluate the effectiveness of group therapy of psychodrama on reducing the symptoms of separation anxiety disorder in children 5 to 9 years.
Methods and Materials: The design of the present study was a quasi-experimental pre-test-post-test with follow-up, with experimental and control groups. The statistical population in this study was all children aged 5 to 9 years with separation anxiety disorder in Zahedan in the academic year of 2019-2020. For select the sample, 30 children were selected using the two-stage cluster sampling method and randomly assignment into experimental and control groups. Experimental group, seven 90 minute sessions, group therapy of psychodrama and no intervention was performed on the control group. At the end of the educational-therapeutic sessions, the post-test was administered and after one month, both groups were re-evaluated. The instrument used in this study was anxiety the Spence children's anxiety scale (SCAS-P) and Disease Symptoms Parental Questionnaire (CSI-4). The research data were analyzed using SPSS 22 measurement analysis software test.
Findings: The analysis of the results showed that the symptoms of separation anxiety in the experimental group compared to the control group showed a significant decrease (P≤0.01).
Conclusions: Group therapy of psychodrama can be used to reduce the symptoms of separation anxiety in children aged 5-9 years in Zahedan and this therapeutic approach can be used for this population.