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Aim and Background: Efficacy of Mindfulness Based Cognitive Therapy and Traditional Cognitive Behavior Therapy in reduction of over generality in autobiographical memory test of patients with Major Depressive Disorder in 2007 is considered in this study. Method and Materials: This clinical-experimental study was carried out on 90 patients randomly selected from 160 cases refering to Tehran University Consulting Centers, Shahed University and Saba Rehabilitation Clinic and met DSM-IV criteria for Major Depressive Disorder. They were divided into 3 equal groups including CBT (Cognitive Behavior Therapy), MBCT (Mindfulness Based Cognitive Therapy)] with CBT, and TAU (Treatment As Usual). The first and second groups received psychological treatment while the third ones received medications. They were between 18 and 45 years old with two depression episodes and evaluated through the Structured Clinical Interview for DSM- IV (SCID) and self–report by Beck Depression Inventory II (BDI-II), in two pre and post tests. Data were analyzed by Co-variance analysis. Findings: MBCT with CBT group have significantly increased specific and categorical memory and combined and CBT groups decreased depression symptoms. Conclusions: Elements from MBCT and CBT in comparison to CBT made was more effective in Autobiographical memory test specifity.

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Aim and Background: This research aimed to compare the effects of cognitive behavioral therapy and Islamic-based spiritual-religious psychotherapy on reducing overt anxiety level of male students residing in dormitory. Methods and Materials: This clinical trial study used Cattell's anxiety questionnaire to identify anxious students. Afterwards, 45 students from Allame Tabatabaie University selected and randomly assigned into 3 groups of cognitive behavioral therapy, spiritual-religious psychotherapy, and control. They received therapeutic methods in the form of groups for two hours per week (12 sessions). Data was analyzed using analysis of covariance (ANCOVA). Findings: The results showed that no significant difference between the two therapeutic methods in reducing anxiety levels. In fact, both methods were significantly effective in reducing overt anxiety of students. Conclusions: Islamic-based spiritual-religious psychotherapy and cognitive behavioral therapy can reduce overt anxiety.

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Acceptance- Based Behavior Therapies (ABBTs) is a new branch of psychological therapy that used Mindfulness-based therapy principles and techniques. Acceptance-based therapies came to be based on the assumption that psychopathology were trying to control or avoid negative thoughts and emotions. These therapies are believed people with mental impairment have been critical of these treatments on their emotions and they are judged based on their emotions. So try to avoid from these emotions and do actions to reduce their emotions or escape from them. Avoidance in the three levels of emotional, cognitive and behavioral may play an important role in continuing the psychopathology. ABBTs aim to alter individuals’ relationships with their internal experiences, reduce rigid experiential avoidance and increase action in valued directions.

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Abstract Aim and Background: Type A individuals are more likely to suffer problems due to certain worldviews that job. The purpose of this study was to investigate the effects of stress management therapy based on cognitive-behavior therapy on type A personality in industrial company employees Methods and Materials: This is study a quasi-experimental. population in this study included all Personnel of industrial Company, that company was registered in 1390, from among employees of the company were 500 people were randomly selected that basis on their respond to type a personality inventory. The final sample included 30 men who were selected randomly among 500 men with score upper one standard deviation from mean. The men were divided randomly into two groups (experimental and control). First performed Type A and job stressors inventories as pretest, then 10 sessions of group therapy of stress management based on cognitive-behavior therapy carried out. The data resulted from the research were analyzed using analysis of variance (ANOVA). Findings: The results showed that both experimental and control groups after implementation of stress management indicates that there is a significant difference in the type A behavior pattern. Also, between the two groups in terms of type A and type A non-morbid disease so there is significant difference in stress management. Conclusions: Stress management training technique cognitive - behavioral is effective in modifying behavior patterns type A, and thereby can be psychological and occupational problems related to this type of personality in reduced staff.

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Abstract: Aim and Background: The aim of present study the study of the efficacy of Acceptance Based Behavior Therapy and Integrative Behavioral Couple Therapy on women with distressed couples and General Anxiety Disorder. Methods and Materials: Six women with Generalized Anxiety Disorder and their spouses were selected using purposeful sampling. Non-congruent multiple baseline experimental single case study was used as the method of the present study. The efficacy of Acceptance Based Behavior Therapy and Integrative Behavioral Couple Therapy Protocol was carried out in three phase of intervention (Baseline, 16 session treatment and 3 month follow-up) by using the Pennsylvania State Worry Questionnaire (PSWQ) and Dyadic Adjustment Scale (DAS)evaluated. Data analyzed with visuals inspection, improvement percentage and reliable change index (RCI) strategies. Findings: Results showed that Acceptance Based Behavior Therapy and Integrative Behavioral Couple Therapy have positive efficient on treatment's target. Acceptance Based Behavior Therapy efficacy also showed more than Integrative Behavioral Couple Therapy in the Worry variable. Integrative Behavioral Couple Therapy efficacy also showed more than Acceptance Based Behavior Therapy in the Dyadic Adjustment Scale. Conclusions: Theoretical explanation of findings for effectiveness of therapy, suggest that Acceptance Based Behavior Therapy was efficient in Magnitude, Universally and stability of changes, but in Acceptability both of therapies were similar.

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Aim and Background: Recently, “Third wave” behavioral and cognitive interventions have received extensive attention between researchers.To evaluation of the efficacy of one of these treatments, Acceptance and Commitment Therapy (ACT), This Study compares this treatment with Cognitive - Behavioral Therapy (CBT) in Obsessive- Compulsive Disorder (OCD).   methods and Materials: In this study a quasi- experimental design with pre - posttest was used. Implementation of this study was from February 2011 to October 2012 in the Parse`s center of Psychiatry and Psychology.The experimental groups were Acceptance and Commitment Therapy (n =13) and Cognitive-Behavior Therapy (n =13). Both groups received 10 two-hour treatment sessions once a week. In control group 12 patients participated (wait list). In order to assess the severity of OCD, psychological flexibility and depression, Yale Brown Obsessive- compulsive scale (YBOCS), Acceptance and Action Questionnaire (AAQ) and Beck Depression Inventory (BDI) were used. Data were analyzed using Multiple Analysis of Covariance in SPSS. Finding: Comparison of the treatment groups suggested that there was significant difference between ACT and wait list groups in all scales and this difference maintains in follow up (P=0.01). In addition, comparison of CBT group with wait list in posttest indicates that there was signifficant difference between two groups, except of psychological flexibility variabele, and these results maintain in follow up too (P=0.01). In post test, two groups show significant difference only in Acceptance and Action Questionnaire (P= 0.05) not in reduction of OCD symptoms and depression. ACT was more effective in increase of psychological flexibility and this superiority maintains in follow up (P= 0.01). Conclusions: Based on the results of this study, both Acceptance and Commitment Therapy and Cognitive-Behavior Therapy, made significant changes in OCD symptoms. So, current study provides an empirical support for Acceptance and Commitment Therapy in treatment of OCD.

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Aim and Background: The integration of mindfulness with psychotherapy began in the 1970s and has been shown to be highly effective in treating psychological disorders and promoting psychological status in individuals without mental disorders. Improvement of parenting skills is one of the areas in which mindfulness techniques have been utilized as intervention. This paper introduces the mindful parenting model. Methods and Materials: This simple review (narrative) study was performed through a literature review of articles on parenting indexed in the databases of PubMed, Google Scholar, Science Direct, Scientific Information Database (SID), and Magiran. Findings: Researches have been conducted on various treatment methods in the area of parenting, including positive parenting and mindful parenting programs. Conclusions: A review of available literature showed mindful parenting to be effective in different domains such as increasing caregivers’ satisfaction, improving family functioning and parenting skills, and reduction of behavioral problems in children. However, due to the limitations of these studies such as small sample size, and lack of a control group and comparison with previous treatment methods in parenting, further studies are necessary.

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Aim and Background: Depression is one of the most common comorbidities of chronic pains such as chronic back pain and is the cause of limitations in the efficacy of cognitive-behavioral therapies (CBTs) in individuals with chronic pain. The existence of similar limitations and problems in cognitive-behavioral programs for the treatment of depression has caused a growing trend in the use of schema therapy by researchers in this regard. The aim of the present study was to compare the effectiveness of CBT and schema therapy on the reduction of depression in Iranian patients with chronic low back pain. Methods and Materials: The present clinical trial was conducted with a quasi-experimental design, pretest-posttest, fallow-up, and control group. In this study, 35 patients with chronic low back pain who were referred to pain specific clinics or neurosurgery clinics of Akhtar Hospital and Imam Hussein Hospital (AS) in Tehran, Iran, were selected through purposive sampling method. All patients completed the Chronic Pain Questionnaire, and Depression Subscale of the Depression Anxiety Stress Scales (DASS-21) in the pretest, posttest, and 2 months follow-up stages. Moreover, the schema therapy group completed the 90-Item Short Form of Young Schema Questionnaire (YSQ-SF) in addition to the mentioned questionnaires. Mixed effect regression model was used in SPSS software to investigate the efficacy of the two therapy methods on the reduction of depression in patients with chronic back pain.   Findings: Results showed that CBT (P < 0.005) and schema therapy (P < 0.033) had significant impacts on depression in patients with chronic low back pain in the 2 months follow-up stage. However, there was no significant difference between the two groups in terms of depression reduction in this stage (P < 0.519). Conclusions: Both CBT and schema therapy are effective in improving symptoms of depression in patients with chronic low back pain and can be used as appropriate treatment methods in patients with chronic pain and depression.

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Aim and Background: Negative and positive emotional states, temptation, and anxiety are among the most important risk factors for addiction. This research aimed to study the effect of dialectical behavior therapy (DBT)-based emotional management training on anxiety and temptation in patients with drug abuse. Methods and Materials: This was an experimental research with pretest/posttest method and control group. To select the sample, the available sampling method was used. Among patients with substance abuse in addiction treatment centers in Ahwaz City, Iran, based on clinical interviews, 28 were selected. They were randomly divided into two equal groups of experimental and control. Both groups passed the leaving and detoxification steps. The experimental group received 10 sessions of dialectical behavior therapy-based emotional management training, but the control group did not receive any intervention. The research tools were demographic questionnaire, Craving Believes Questionnaire (CBQ), and Beck Anxiety Inventory (BAI). Findings: After the intervention, there were significant differences between experimental and control groups regarding anxiety and temptation (P < 0.001 for both). In other words, the rate of anxiety and temptation in experimental group significantly decreased in comparison with pretest and control group. Conclusions: The current study indicated that dialectical behavior therapy-based emotional management training would be an appropriate treatment for university students in order to decrease the symptoms of anxiety and temptation in those with drug abuse.

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Aim and Background:In recent years in Iran, several studies have examined the effectiveness of Dialectical Behavior therapy and Schema therapy  in the field of conflict resolving  and enriching the couple's .relationship.The purpose of this study is to integrate the results of previous research and compare the effectiveness of these interventions on marital quality components.
Materials and Methods:For this purpose, meta-analysis was used as a statistical technique to determine, collect, combine and summarize research findings related to the effectiveness of Dialectical Behavior therapy and Schema therapy on the components of marital quality of couples.The statistical population of the study includes researches conducted in Iran in the field of mentioned psychotherapies . The statistical sample includes research conducted in this field inside Iran. For this purpose, 19 studies were selected.After reviewing 17 researches that were methodologically acceptable, they were analyzed.The research tool was a meta-analysis checklist and CMA software was used to analyze the data.
Results:The results showed the magnitude of the combined effect of the treatments(P <0.01) was equal to r = 0.629, which is equivalent to z_r = 0.739 and g = 1.557, and according to Cohen's interpretation table means the size of the effect is large or high. Also, the results did not show a significant difference between the effect size of Dialectical Behavior therapy and Schema therapy.                                                                   
Conclusion:Based on the results of this meta-analysis, dialectical behavior therapy and schema therapy are effective in improving the marital quality components of couples.

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Aim and Background: The existence of problems in attachment style, interpersonal compatibility and communication pattern is evident in people with bulimia nervosa.The present study was conducted with the aim of investigating the effectiveness of dialectical behavior therapy on attachment style, interpersonal compatibility and communication pattern of people with bulimia nervosa in Isfahan city.
Methods and Materials: : The current research method was quantitative and of the type of semi-experimental studies with a pre-test-post-test design with a control group. The statistical population of the present study included people suffering from bulimia nervosa in Isfahan city who visited the health centers of Isfahan city in 1401. In this study, 30 women with bulimia nervosa disorder who were diagnosed by psychologists and psychiatrists were selected by sampling method. were selected as available. The people in the control and experimental groups completed the attachment style, interpersonal compatibility and communication pattern questionnaires In two stages, pre-test and post-test. Multivariate covariance test and spss-23 software were used for data analysis.
Findings:  The results showed that dialectical behavior therapy had a significant effect on secure attachment style, avoidant attachment style, constructive communication, creditor woman communication pattern, mutual withdrawal communication pattern and interpersonal compatibility (p<0.05), but There was no significant effect on the anxious attachment style, the communication pattern of the creditor-debtor, and the communication pattern of the debtor's wife.
Conclusions: From the findings of the present study, it can be concluded that psychologists and psychiatrists can increase the secure attachment style, interpersonal compatibility, constructive communication pattern and decrease the avoidant attachment style, the withdrawn and demanding behavior pattern of women with bulimia nervosa. Use dialectical therapy and its techniques

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Aim and Background: This research aimed to compare the effectiveness of dialectical behavior therapy and cognitive analytical therapy in reducing the psychological symptoms of people with borderline personality disorder.
Methods and Materials: This research is applied research based on the goal. Based on the collection and type of data, it was quantitative and cross-sectional in terms of time. In addition, it was a semi-experimental research design in the form of pre-test-post-test with a control group. The statistical sample of the research was 45 people in a non-random way. They were chosen voluntarily. Multivariate covariance analysis was used in quantitative data and SPSS version 26 statistical program was used.
Findings: The research findings indicated that the scores for Borderline Personality Inventory (BPI) and Self-Harm Thoughts and Behaviors (STB) were higher for individuals who underwent Cognitive Analytic Therapy (CAT) compared to those who underwent Dialectical Behavior Therapy (DBT).
Conclusions: The results of the present study suggest that the Cognitive Analytic approach is more effective than Dialectical Behavior Therapy. Overall, it can be concluded that Cognitive Analytic Psychotherapy, by improving interpersonal relationships, emotional regulation, and self-concept in individuals with Borderline Personality Disorder, helps in reducing impulsive, unplanned, and thoughtless behaviors through a proper patient-therapist relationship, thereby improving the social functioning of these patients.