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Showing 12 results for Attachment Styles

محمدرضا غفوري ورنوسفادراني, محسن گل‌پرور, ايران مهدي‌زادگان,
Volume 7, Issue 2 (2-2010)
Abstract

Aim and Background: This study was aimed to investigate the possibility of predicting success or failure in marital relationships according to adult attachment styles and religious attitudes. Method and Materials: This was a case-control study. The sample consisted of 49 divorce-seeking and 52 intact couples. The divorce-seeking and intact couples were respectively selected through convenient and cluster randomized sampling methods. All couples were evaluated by Shaver- Hazan’s Adult Attachment Inventory and Azarbayejani’s Religious Orientation Questionnaire. Data were analyzed using descriptive statistics as well as discriminate analysis . Findings: The results confirmed that secure attachment style and religious attitudes have the power to predict success of the marital relationship. The results confirmed the detailed model presented in this study. Conclusions: Findings revealed the fact that success or failure in marital relationship can be predicted by the variables of adult attachment and religious attitudes. The results of the prediction shows that when the couples have higher secure attachment style and lower avoidant and ambivalent attachment styles and also have firmer religious attitudes, the probability of success  in their marital relationship will be higher.
فرزانه مومني, حسين مولوي, مختار ملك پور, شعله اميري,
Volume 8, Issue 2 (2-2011)
Abstract

Aim and Background: The aim of present study was to compare attachment styles between young adults with visual or auditory defects and normal groups in Isfahan city. Methods and Materials: The present study assessed by ex-post facto method. The statistical society of the study is including of all young adults with visual, auditory defects and normal people.80 young adults with visual defects (40 girls and 40 boys), 90 with auditory defects (45 girls and 45 boys) and 80 normal ones (40 girls and 40 boys) were selected randomly. The research tools were questioners including; the Hazan and Shaver attachment styles questionnaires and research&ndash;made sociological questioner. Data analyzed using Multivariate analysis of variance ( MANOVA ), Post&ndash;hoc LSD and chi&ndash;square tests. Findings: The results of this study show that there was a significant difference among attachment styles of young adults with visual, auditory defects comparing with normal population (P < 0.001). Also the results show that there was a significant difference among the scores of anxiety / avoidance insecure attachment, ambivalent/ anxiety insecure and secure in these 3 groups. In this study there was no significant differences between mean scores of young male and female&rsquo;s avoidance/ anxiety, ambivalent/anxiety insecure and secure attachment styles (P = 0.165). Conclusions: Young adults with visual, auditory defects more commonly were at risk for insecure attachment in compare with normal group. It is also important to mention that the avoidance/ ambivalent insecure attachment style was more common in the groups with visual, auditory defects and the secure attachment style in normal group. The avoidance and ambivalent insecure attachment styles was more common in the group with auditory defects than those with visual defects.
عباس سامي, علي محمد نظري, فرشاد محسنزاده, مهدي طاهري,
Volume 13, Issue 3 (12-2015)
Abstract

Abstract Aim and Background: Infidelity is a damaging Problem in couples Relationships That routed in different factors, But don’t exist no modeling for Its Explanation.  This study investigated the infidelity structural equation model based on attachment styles, personality dimensions, and marital satisfaction was conducted. Methods and Materials: His study implements correlational design. For this purpose, 270 students were selected using a multistage cluster sampling method. Then, they completed the infidelity scale, attachment styles, personality dimensions and marital satisfaction questionnaires. The data was analyzed by using structural equation modeling with SPSS 18 and AMOS 18. Findings: The final model that also showed a good fit to the data indicated that secure attachment through the satisfaction had a significant negative effect on infidelity (effect indirect = 0.09, P < 0.01). Avoidant attachment style is also mediated by the satisfaction have effect on infidelity (indirect effect = 0.10, P < 0.01). Indirect effect of neuroticism (indirect effect = 0.14, P < 0.01) and extraversion (indirect effect = 0.08, P < 0.01) by mediatory role of satisfaction was positive. Agreeableness (indirect effect = 0.07, P < 0.05) and accountability (indirect effect = 0.08, P < 0.01) through satisfaction could also have a significant negative effect on the infidelity. Also Neuroticism (direct effect = 0.22, P < 0.01), extroversion (direct effect = 0.23, P < 0.01), the desire to experience (direct effect = 0.16, P < 0.01) is directly and positively, and responsibility as directly and negatively (direct effect = -0.16, P < 0.01) were effective against infidelity. Conclusions: The results of this study showed that attachment styles, personality dimensions and marital satisfaction are important in the marital infidelity. Therefore these Results can be used in prevention, Etiology and Therapy of Infidelity.  
مهرداد صالحي, هاجر نصوحيان, نگار رئيسي,
Volume 14, Issue 2 (12-2016)
Abstract

Aim and Background: Sometimes, some people feel distressed because of their gender, usually in social, occupational or other personal grounds, which would tend to compatibility problems with gender dysphonia disorder. Therefore, the present study investigated the perceived attachment styles and parenting methods among the patients with gender dissatisfaction disorder and healthy individuals in Isfahan city, Iran. Methods and Materials: In this study, patients gender dysphoria and healthy individuals who had referred to psychiatrists in Isfahan in 2015. The participants consisted of 28 patients with gender dysphoria and 30 healthy individuals, who were selected through convenience sampling. The data collection tools consisted of the Revised Adult Attachment Scale (RAAS) (Reid and Collins) and Perceived Parenting Style Questionnaire (McClun and Merrell). The collected data were analyzed in SPSS Software. Findings: No significant difference was observed between the mean attachment style score of patients and healthy individuals. However, a significant difference was observed between the two groups in terms of perceived parenting style. Autocratic parenting style was more prevalent among patients, compared to healthy individuals. Nevertheless, authoritarian parenting style was adopted by healthy subjects more (59.5%) than patients with gender dysphonia (40.5%) (P < 0.05). Conclusions: With regard to the findings of the present study, parents of the patients with gender dysphonia disorder should be educated concerning parenting styles to shift their parenting style toward authoritarian style; which tends to lower these individuals&rsquo; psychological impairments.
نازنين خيرخواهان, محمود نجفي, محمد علي محمدي فر, ناديا ثقفي,
Volume 14, Issue 3 (12-2016)
Abstract

Aim and Background: Insecure attachment style is one of the factors effective in many mental disorders. This study aimed to compare the attachment styles of individuals with schizotypal personality disorder (STPD) and healthy individuals. Methods and Materials: This research was a causal-comparative study. A sample of 90 participants (30 individuals with STPD who took drugs, 30 individuals with STDP who did not take drugs, and 30 healthy controls) were selected from among individuals referring to governmental and private psychiatric clinics through criterion-based sampling. The Adult Attachment Styles Questionnaire was used for data collection. Data were analyzed using multivariate analysis of variance (MANOVA). Findings: The difference in attachment styles between patients with STPD (with or without medication) and healthy subjects was significant (F = 0.526, P < 0.001). Individuals with STPD (with or without drugs) had lower scores on secure attachment style compared to the control group. In addition, the results showed significant differences between individuals with STPD (with or without drugs) and healthy individuals in terms of ambivalent and avoidant attachment styles. Conclusions: The results implicated the importance of attachment styles in STPD. Individuals with insecure attachment are more vulnerable to schizotypal traits experience and STPD.
Ebrahim Khayat , Yousefali Attari, Amin Koraei ,
Volume 16, Issue 4 (5-2018)
Abstract

Aim and Background: Infidelity is one of the most painful experiences of marital relationships. Therefore, the present study aimed to investigate the role of moderating religious commitment in the relationship between attachment styles and maladaptive schemas with tendency to infidelity.

Methods and Materials: This research was descriptive. Sampling method was available (125 married and 125 married men). For collecting data, Behavioral Systems Questionnaire (BSQ), Early Maladaptive Schemas Questionnaire- Short Form (EMSQ-SF), Religious Commitment Questionnaire (RCQ), and Relation Issues Questionnaire (RIQ) were used.

Findings: The results of this study showed that religious commitment has a moderating effect on the relationship between avoidant attachment style and tendency to infidelity (p<0.05). However, this factor does not mediate other relationships between attachment styles and areas of maladaptive schemas with tendency to infidelity (p<0.05).

Conclusions: Religious commitment can mediate the relationship between the avoidant attachment style and the tendency to infidelity and reduce this tendency.
Elaheh Soleimani, Zahra Tanha, Aliakbar Malekirad, Davood Kordestani,
Volume 19, Issue 1 (3-2021)
Abstract

Aim and Background: Conflicts in the family create issues and problems at the individual, institutional and social levels. Marital conflicts and divorce after sudden death in the family are considered to be the most important stressors in the family. The purpose of this study is to predict marital conflicts based on life skills and attachment styles mediated by sexual satisfaction and love story of couples.
Methods and Materials: The statistical population of this study included all couples who referred to counseling centers under the supervision of the Judiciary in Arak who had referred to these centers in a period of 6 months in 1398. The total statistical population was 600 couples (1200 people) and 146 couples (292 people) were selected as the statistical sample by available sampling method. Data collection tool: Hazan and Shiver Attachment Styles Scale Questionnaire (1993); Marital Conflict Scale Sanaei et al. (2000); Saatchi et al.'s Life Skills Scale (2010); The Larson Sexual Satisfaction Scale (1988) and the Sternberg Love Story Scale were standardized by (Alaei and Karami, 2007), all of which had validity and reliability. This study was a correlational study that was performed by structural equation modeling.
Findings: The results showed that both sexual satisfaction and love story can play a mediating role in predicting marital conflicts based on life skills and attachment styles.
Conclusions: Therefore, it can be concluded that sexual satisfaction can balance the relationship between attachment styles and marital conflict and reduce the rate of marital conflict. Also, the love story in the relationship between life skills and marital conflicts can reduce these conflicts.
Shirin Shahmardi, Taghi Pourebrahim, Mohammad Bagher Hobbi,
Volume 19, Issue 3 (10-2021)
Abstract

Aim and Background: Research has shown that emotional distress can be affected by body image and family circumstances. Therefore; the aim of this study was to analyze the structural equations of emotional malaise based on family emotional atmosphere and attachment styles mediated by differentiation and body image.
Methods and Materials: The research method is descriptive-correlation of structural equations. The statistical population consisted of all married men and women living in District 2 of Tehran in 1399. The sample size was estimated to be 400 using the method proposed by Schumacher and Lomax (2004). Sampling method was available and online. Research tools included questionnaires including Toronto Mood Disorder (1994), Hillburn Family Emotional Atmosphere (1964), Collins and Reed Attachment Styles (1990), Scorne and Friedlander (1988) Differentiation, and Director and Garcia (2002) Body Image. They were. To analyze the data, structural equation modeling technique was used in AMOS software environment.  
Findings: Findings showed that anxious attachment style has a positive and dependency and closeness style, family emotional atmosphere, self-differentiation and body image have a negative and significant effect on emotional malaise. It also mediates the effect of anxiety attachment style on emotional malaise in a positive way and the effect of closeness attachment style on emotional malaise in a negative and significant way. Body image mediates the effect of anxiety attachment style on emotional malaise in a positive way and the effect of closeness attachment style on emotional malaise in a negative and meaningful way. Self-differentiation mediates AND Body images the effect of family emotional climate on emotional malaise in a negative and meaningful way.
Conclusions: It seems that improving the emotional atmosphere of the family and attachment style, both directly and by increasing their self-esteem and improving their body image, is effective in reducing emotional distress in married people.
Mahgol Shojaei, َakram Dehghani,
Volume 21, Issue 1 (4-2023)
Abstract

Aim and Background: Mentalization capacity is necessary for empowering students in interpersonal interactions and consequently obtaining future success, and for this reason, it is necessary to know its correlates, Therefore The purpose of the current research was to investigate the mentalization based on attachment styles, Ego strength, Object relations and Pattern of anxiety manifestation in students.
Methods and Materials: The research community was formed by the students of Isfahan National University and Azad University in 2022, according to the latest reports, their number is 35161. Based on Cochran's formula, 380 students were selected as available. The research tools were Attachment Styles Questionnaire (ASQ), Psychosocial Inventory of Ego Strengths (PIES), Bell Object Relations Inventory (BORI), Anxiety Manifestation Patterns Questionnaire and Reflective Functioning Questionnaire (RFQ) which were completed individually by students. Data analysis was done by multiple regression analysis using the twenty-sixth version of SPSS software.
Findings: The results showed that secure and ambivalent attachment styles as well as ego strength can significantly predict students' mentalization capacity. (p<0.05).
Conclusions: Therefore, in order to improve students' mentalization, it is necessary to pay attention to secure and ambivalent attachment styles as well as ego strength.
Elahe Karimi, Fahimeh Namdarpour,
Volume 21, Issue 2 (7-2023)
Abstract

Aim and Background: Marital satisfaction is very important in the second decade of life. Therefore, the present study was conducted with the aim of investigating the structural equation of marital satisfaction based on personality traits (FFI-NEO) and attachment styles based on the mediating role of self-compassion among couples in the second decade of life.
Methods and Materials: The present method was descriptive and correlation type. The statistical population included all the couples of Isfahan city who were living in the second decade of their life together. The sample size was determined based on Cochran's formula and 384 couples (768 people) were selected using multi-stage cluster random sampling method. The data were collected through Enrich's Marital Satisfaction Questionnaire (1989), Costa and McCrae's Five-Factor Personality Questionnaire (1997), Hazen and Shiver's Adult Attachment Questionnaire (1987), and Shafqat Neff's Questionnaire (2003) and analyzed with PLS software.
Findings: The results showed that the structural equation of marital satisfaction based on personality traits (FFI-NEO) and attachment styles can be predicted based on the mediating role of self-compassion. Another finding of the research showed that the structural equation of marital satisfaction based on personality traits (FFI-NEO) can be predicted based on the mediating role of self-compassion. Finally, the structural equation of marital satisfaction based on attachment styles can be predicted based on the mediating role of self-compassion.
Conclusions: It seems that self-compassion can affect marital satisfaction, and on the other hand, favorable personality traits and secure attachment style can increase marital satisfaction.
Mrs Fateme Al-Sadat Khormian Isfahani, Dr Sima Andalib,
Volume 22, Issue 1 (4-2024)
Abstract

Aim and Background: The experience of childhood trauma is all the unpleasant and unpleasant experiences that a person has experienced during childhood either directly in relation to his caregivers and attachment figures, or as a result of the neglect and negligence of his attachment figures in relation to a stranger, he has experienced misbehavior. The present study was conducted with the aim of investigating the effectiveness of emotion-oriented intervention on attachment styles, hyperexcitability and fearful dreams in people with complex trauma symptoms.
Methods and Materials: This semi-experimental research, including pre-test-post-test, control group, was conducted on all adults with symptoms of complex trauma referring to psychological clinics in Isfahan province in spring 2002. The sampling method in the first stage was based on the available sampling method and they were randomly divided into two experimental groups (15 people) and control (15 people) and using the questionnaire of consequences of childhood traumas in adulthood by Bernstein et al, Collins and Reed attachment style questionnaire, Mitmansgruber hyperexcitability questionnaire, Mitmansgruber et al. The data were analyzed using Levine's test, Shapiro-Wilko test, analysis of covariance test.
Findings: The findings indicate that for secure attachment (F=44. 628 and df=1), avoidant attachment (F=28. 168 and df=1), anxious attachment (F=42. 228 and df=1), For the variable of negative over-excitement (F=74. 508 and df=1) and positive over-excitement (F=27. 197 and df=1) as well as for the variable of scary dreams (F=46. 446 and df=1), then From the pre-test control, in the post-test phase, the effect of the group is significant (P<0. 01).
Conclusions: The results of the research showed that emotion-oriented intervention has an effect on attachment styles, hyperexcitability and scary dreams in people with complex trauma symptoms
Fatemeh Sharifzadeh, Shirin Amirteimouri, Leila Shameli, Diba Davoudnezhad, Nezamoddin Ghasemi,
Volume 22, Issue 2 (8-2024)
Abstract

Aim and Background: Comparing the characteristics of normal and disordered people is one of the topics of interest to researchers. In this regard, the aim of the research was to compare mentalization, fear of compassion and attachment styles in people with non-clinical borderline and normal personality syndromes.
Methods and Materials: A comparative study and statistical population were all students of Salman Farsi University of Kazeroon in the academic year 1401-1402 of both sexes. With available sampling, 136 people in the group of borderline and normal personality syndromes were selected as a sample by matching age, gender and education. Data were collected with borderline personality questionnaire, mentalization, fear of compassion and adult attachment scale and analyzed with multivariate variance by SPSS 24.
Findings: The findings showed that there was a significant difference between the two groups in self-related mentalization (F=25.745, p<0.05), but there was no difference in mentalization related to others and motivation for mentalization. Also, two groups in terms of fear of self-compassion (F=10.391, p<0.05), fear of others (F=24.365, p<0.05) and fear of receiving compassion (p<0.05, F=15.027) had a significant difference. Other findings showed that there is a significant difference between the two groups in avoidant attachment style (F=17.367, p<0.05) and ambivalent (F=47.657, p<0.05).
Conclusions Therefore, it can be said that people with borderline personality symptoms are different from normal people in mentalization, attachment styles, and fear of compassion.

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