Showing 34 results for Hossein
Hossein Bashi Abdolabadi, Qasem Ahi, Maryam Asle Zaker, Fateme Shahabi Zadeh, Maryam Nasri,
Volume 20, Issue 2 (9-2022)
Abstract
Aim and Background: The need to establish intimacy and close relationships with others is considered as a basic and important human motivation. The present study aimed to investigate the role of the quality of object relationships on close relationship experience mediated by the self-differentiation and cognitive emotion regulation.
Methods and Materials: The study was a descriptive-correlational one conducted using Structural Equation Modeling. The population included all people who were married for at least two years and visited psychological and counseling clinics in Mashhad, Iran, from 2020 to 21 due to suffering from matrimonial conflicts. The participants were selected using the convenience sampling technique. Then, 300 questionnaires were distributed among the participants, and 260 questionnaires were gathered. The instruments for data collection included Bell’s Object Relations and Reality Testing Inventory, the cognitive emotion regulation questionnaire, the questionnaire concerning the self-differentiation, and close relationship experience questionnaire. The data were analyzed using Pearson’s correlation coefficient and the structural equation modeling.
Findings: The findings showed that the quality of object relationships predicted the rates of close relationship experience (P>0/05). Moreover, the findings showed that the differential of self and negative cognitive emotion regulation played mediatory roles (P>0/05).
Conclusions: Accordingly, both in premarital counseling and in couple therapy sessions, it is vital to determine variables based on psychoanalytic concepts like the quality of object relationships and self-differentiation and adjust interventions based on these concepts.
Somayeh Naserizadeh, Davood Taghvaei, Hossein Davoodi,
Volume 20, Issue 3 (12-2022)
Abstract
Aim and Background: Autism disorders are neurodevelopmental disorders that are characterized by problems in communication and social interactions, behaviors, interests and limited and repetitive activities. The purpose of this research was to study Comparing the effectiveness of Anat Baniel's Method for Neuro -motor intervention and The Son- Rise Program on social interactions and stereotyped behavior of children with autism.Anat Baniel's Method is the Neuro -Movement therapy.
Methods and Materials: This research was a semi-experimental study with pre-test-post-test with control group design. The statistical population includes all children with autism in the age of 4-10 years who referred to the autism centers of Khomein in 2021. From the statistical population, the number of 30 children with autism disorder and the conditions of entry into the research were included in the study with the purposeful sampling method, then they were randomly divided into two experimental groups and a control group of 10 people in each group. GARS-2 test (Gilliam Autism Rating Scale) test was used to collect information as a pre-test and post-test. The data were analyzed using Shapiro-Wilk tests and multivariate covariance analysis at a significance level of 0.05.
Findings: The findings showed that there was a significant difference between the mean of stereotyped behavior (p<.001, η=.68) and social interaction (p= .001, η=.90) in the experimental and control groups. Also, the findings showed that the Son-Rise program is significantly more effective in improving the social interactions of children with autism disorder than anat baneil's neuro-motor intervention.
Conclusions: Evidence was found to support Anat Baniel's Method (ABM) of neuro-motor therapy and the Son-Rise program in the post-test have led to the reduction of stereotyped behavior and improvement of social interactions of children with autism disorder and the Son-Rise program has been more effective in improving the social interactions of these children
Seyed Yashar Khatamnejad Atashgah, Seyed Hossein Mansouri, Maedeh Tofigi Aghdam Miangi,
Volume 21, Issue 1 (4-2023)
Abstract
Aim and Background: Health tourism is becoming one of the most important branches of the industry. The health industry can act as a driving industry and develop side industries as well. Iran is one of the countries that, in addition to natural attractions, also has good capabilities in the field of treatment, and despite all these potentials, a suitable mechanism for targeting this industry has not been developed in Iran.
Materials and Methods: The present study seeks to provide a providing a model of positive emotions and behavior in health tourism. The statistical population of this research includes health tourists of Adel Hospital in Tehran. The sampling method is being used in several cases. And considering that the statistical population was unlimited, the sample size of 384 people was determined using Morgan's table. A questionnaire has been used to collect the needs and the data analysis has been done using structural models and with the help of SPSS and LISREL software.
Findings: The results of data analysis showed that pleasure affects satisfaction by 5.80, pleasure affects loyalty by 3.34, arousal affects satisfaction by 6.55, and arousal affects loyalty by 7.89 (P<0.05).
Conclusion: It is suggested that service providers and managers of health tourism, by focusing on positive emotions and considering the potential of health tourism in Iran, will create positive behavioral tendencies in health tourists, which will ultimately make better themselves than regional and equal level countries.
Mohammad Hossein Salemi, Molouk Khademi Ashkzari,
Volume 21, Issue 1 (4-2023)
Abstract
Aim and Background: Defects in cognitive control and response inhibition along with disturbance in sleep quality have been observed in people with anxiety symptoms. Based on this, the present study aims to investigate the role of response inhibition, cognitive control and sleep quality in predicting the symptoms of male adolescent anxiety disorders were investigated.
Methods and Materials: The method of the current research was quantitative and correlational. The statistical population of the present study was made up of all male students of the second year of high school in Tehran in the second semester of 1400-1401, out of which 290 people were selected by available sampling method. To collect data from the Go/No Go task (GO/NO GO) by Hoffman (1984), the Cognitive Control and Flexibility Questionnaire (CCFQ) by Gabers et al. (2018), the Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Scale (PSQI) by Bayse et al. (1989), and the Multidimensional Anxiety Scale for Children (MASC) March et al. (1997) were used. The collected data were analyzed using Pearson's correlation coefficient and multiple regression.
Findings: The results showed that inappropriate response inhibition and low sleep quality have a significant positive relationship with the symptoms of anxiety disorders, and cognitive control has a significant negative relationship with it. Also, response inhibition, cognitive control and sleep quality explain 40.6% of the variance of the symptoms and signs of anxiety disorders.
Conclusions: Based on the mentioned results, it can be concluded that response inhibition, cognitive control, and sleep quality as effective factors on the symptoms and signs of anxiety disorders in adolescents should be considered by specialists and therapists.
Ghader Naeimi, Hossein Ghamari Givi, Esmael Sadri, Ali Sheykholeslami,
Volume 21, Issue 1 (4-2023)
Abstract
Aim and Background: Paramedical majors are an attractive and highly demanded field of study among students. But recently, one can see students and graduates of these fields changing majors, failing academics, and re-participating in the national exam. This research was conducted to investigate and identify the psychological factors of harm in the process of choosing a major for paramedical students.
Methods and Materials: This study was conducted with a qualitative approach, using the grounded theory method and Strauss and Corbin approach. The statistical population included all the students in paramedical majors of Tabriz University of Medical Sciences who studied in the academic year 2021-2022, 18 male and female students, were selected using purposeful sampling and semi-structured interviews.
Findings: The information were recorded, coded, and categorized in the form of secondary codes, categories, and classes. The analysis of students' opinions led to the identification of 112 secondary codes, 14 sub-categories, and 4 main categories including inefficient cognitive skills, disturbed orientation, unsatisfied emotions and, ineffective behaviors and actions.
Conclusion: The findings of the research indicate that psychological factors play a significant role in creating and continuing the harms of the process of choosing an academic major, and individual and psychological problems can face challenges in the correct path of choosing a major. The results of this study can be effective in identifying and reducing the harms caused by personal and psychological factors in the path of choosing an academic major.
Hossein Bahrami Hidaji, Bahman Akbari, Leila Moghtader,
Volume 21, Issue 2 (7-2023)
Abstract
Aim and Background: The educational intervention program for spouses refers to another intervention that prevents people and their relationships from the common vices of married life by reducing the number of destructive relationships and strengthening constructive behaviors. Educational interventions are usually aimed at protecting spouses from risk factors, such as destructive relationship patterns and irrational beliefs, and building supportive relationship factors, such as positive attitudes and marital intimacy.
Methods and Materials: In this research, the researcher has used a quantitative method. For this purpose, 20 couples were selected to implement the protocol. The research method at this stage will be a pre-test-post-test design with a control group. The selected subjects in both experimental and control groups were measured by pre-test. The required data collection tool was through a questionnaire and the results were analyzed by the variance of repeated measurements. The Shapiro-Wilk normality test was used to test the normality of the distribution of scores related to several studies, and pairwise comparisons were also tested using the Bonferroni test.
Findings: The researcher investigated her research in the form of three hypotheses, and the results showed that the educational package has a positive and significant effect on emotional intimacy, marital compatibility, and reducing marital conflicts and the results were smaller than 0.005.
Conclusions: The hypotheses of the research were confirmed and it can be said that the educational package of sustainable life based on the lived experience of couples with experience of divorce is effective on emotional intimacy and this effect has been lasting. Also, the results showed that the training package increased marital compatibility in the experimental group compared to the control group and also decreased marital conflicts.
Alireza Savadkouhi, Asiye Aghaei Hosseinabadi, Maryam Dastani, Ghodratollah Momeni, Mohammad Torkan,
Volume 21, Issue 3 (10-2023)
Abstract
Aim and Background: The spread of the corona virus at a high speed caused many attitudes, behaviors, habits and values of human beings to undergo serious changes in such a way that these changes led to a transformation in the way of life of the people. The aim of the research was to investigate the effectiveness of an educational intervention on the modification of habits in the face of the corona virus.
Methods and Materials: The research method was quasi-experimental (pre-test-post-test with control group). The statistical population of the research was the contacts of the religious boards of Isfahan city, and the sample size was estimated to be 40 people using Cochran's formula. A researcher-made questionnaire was used to collect data, and its content validity was checked and verified by the opinion of experts and experts, and its reliability was checked and confirmed by Cronbach's alpha coefficient. To analyze the data, univariate (ANCOVA) and multivariate (MANCOVA) analysis of covariance methods were used.
Findings: The results showed that the educational package based on scientific and Islamic teachings was effective in improving social habits. Also, the eta square shows that 42% of the changes in the sociological component scores, 42.3% of the changes in the religious (Islamic) component scores, and 24.2% of the changes in the medical component scores in the experimental group were obtained as a result of the educational package intervention.
Conclusions: The findings of the research show that the educational package based on scientific and Islamic teachings has an effect on the sociological, religious (Islamic) and medical components in preventing the corona virus
Ladan Vaghef, Seyed Hamed Hosseinpour Khaghani,
Volume 21, Issue 4 (1-2024)
Abstract
Aim and Background: The epidemic of corona disease in all the countries of the world, due to its vague, unpredictability and uncontrollable nature, has provided the ground for the spread of all kinds of behavioral and psychological problems.The present study was conducted with the aim of investigating the structural relationships of virtual education with students' cognitive outcome(academic performance) and considering the mediating role of psychological health and learning motivation.
Methods and Materials: The statistical population of this descriptive research based on structural equation modeling was all the students of Shahid Madani University of Azerbaijan (2021-2022) who were selected by the available sampling method in the number of 363 people and answered Questionnaires of attitude towards virtual education (Vatanparast et al. 2015), learning motivation (Kashifet al. 2013), general health (Goldberg, 1972) and Academic average. SPSS software was used to calculate descriptive and correlation indices, and AMOS software was used to model structural equations.
Findings: The results of the survey showed that there is no significant relationship between Virtual education and cognitive outcome (academic performance) (effect size: -0.12 and P:0.10). According to the predicted paths, the direct effects of virtual Education on psychological health -0.45 (P<0.05), psychological health on academic performance 0.18 (P<0.05), virtual Education on learning motivation -0.23 (P<0.05), learning motivation was significant on academic performance (P<0.05) 0.34. Also, considering the mediating effect of learning motivation and psychological health on cognitive outcome (academic performance) , the standard effect size It was -0.15 (P<0.05), which shows the significance of this indirect path.
Conclusions: Based on the results, it can be said that learning motivation and psychological health have a significant negative mediating role in the relationship between virtual education and cognitive outcome (academic performance).
Somayeh Rasouli, Anahita Khorrami Banaraki, Seyed Hassan Hosseini Sarvari,
Volume 21, Issue 4 (1-2024)
Abstract
Aim and Background: There are claims regarding the fact that the damages caused by using social media are rather similar to those caused by using drugs. Researchers think that although the behavioral symptoms and consequences of using drugs vary by type of substance, there are several common aspects regarding drug symptoms in all types; which are hence in line with social media harms. Furthermore, during recent years, neuroscientists have examined the structures in the brain that are associated with addiction to social media and have discovered several similarities and differences about drug addiction. The main purpose of the present study was to compare addiction to drugs with addiction to social media.
Methods and Materials: In this paper, we will initially describe the behavioral components of addiction to drugs and addiction to social media and then indicate the difference between "addiction" and "dependence".
Findings: We will later support the hypothesis that addiction to social media is not to be considered as a dependence. Hence, we will discuss the areas of the brain which are involved in recent addiction to social media and addiction to drugs along with providing neuroimaging and experiments regarding these two fields.
Conclusions: In the end, as well as enumerating the neurological similarities and differences between addiction in both fields, we suggest that instead of dividing people into the two categories of "addicted" and "non-addicted", it is better to consider "various degrees of addiction". This being the case, we can accept the addiction to social media as a special type of addiction and as a degree of addiction and thus, categorize the common characteristics and differences between this type of addiction and other types of addiction and present treatment approaches which are ideally appropriate for this certain degree of addiction
Rahele Hosseini, Narges Babakhani, Davod Taghvaei,
Volume 22, Issue 1 (4-2024)
Abstract
Aim and Background: Caregivers of individuals with schizophrenia play a crucial role in providing support and assistance to their loved ones who are grappling with the challenges of schizophrenia. These caregivers often shoulder important responsibilities such as medication management, providing emotional support, and assisting with daily tasks. However, caregiving for individuals with schizophrenia can also be challenging and stressful, leading to emotional distress. Therefore, the aim of this study was to investigate the effectiveness of family-centered therapy (FCT) on the psychological capital of caregivers of schizophrenic patients.
Methods and Materials: This study employed a semi-experimental design with pretest-posttest control group and three-month follow-up. The study population consisted of caregivers of schizophrenic patients attending Imam Hossein Hospital. Thirty caregivers were selected using convenience sampling and were then systematically assigned to either the experimental or control group. Two participants in the experimental group withdrew during the intervention sessions, resulting in a reduction in the experimental group to 13 participants. The experimental group underwent twelve 60-minute sessions of FCT intervention once a week. Data were collected using the Luthans Psychological Capital Questionnaire (2007) and analyzed using mixed analysis of variance.
Findings: The mean psychological capital of caregivers who received family-centered therapy intervention showed improvement compared to the control group at posttest and follow-up stages (p<0. 001).
Conclusions: Consequently, this study demonstrates the significant positive impact of family-centered therapy on the psychological capital of caregivers of schizophrenic patients. The findings highlight the effectiveness of this therapeutic approach in enhancing the well-being and resilience of caregivers in coping with the challenges of schizophrenia caregiving. These results underscore the importance of incorporating family-centered interventions in comprehensive caregiving and support provided to caregivers, ultimately enhancing their psychological well-being and capacity to cope with caregiving demands.
Seyed Mohammad Hossein Mousavi, Dr Mehdi Hassaniazad, Mahnaz Ahmadi, Pegah Bagherian-Sararoudi, Dr Reza Bagherian-Sararoudi,
Volume 22, Issue 1 (4-2024)
Abstract
Aim and Background: Depression is a condition that is associated with severe suffering and major damage to the patient's general health, quality of life, and social and occupational activities, which in some cases may lead to suicide. Depression is one of the causes of disability in the world, which has brought a lot of care and economic burden. Since the burden of care and the economic burden of depression have been reported significantly, it is necessary to consider new ways to understand the heterogeneity of clinical phenotypes in depression. Therefore, this article presents a report to review neuropsychological immunological studies in depression.
Methods and Materials: Considering the extent of scientific research in this field, only English and Farsi articles with a neuropsychological immunological approach have been used in the time range between 2015 and 2024 and in PubMed, Google Scholar, and Scopus databases. The keywords used were Neuroinflammation, Inflammation, Depression, and psychoneuroimmunology.
Findings: By reviewing the research literature in the field of neuropsychological immunology of depression, this article examined the interaction of stress and the immune system in three levels: 1. Inflammation and depression, 2. Immunological pathways in depression, and 3. The interaction of psychoactive interventions and inflammation in depression.
Conclusions: Neuro-psychological immunological studies of depression or the study of the interrelationship between the nervous, immune, and endocrine systems widely resolve the scientific and research gap regarding the relationship between depression and the immune system. Due to the relative effectiveness and cost-effectiveness of psychosocial interventions for the treatment of chronic diseases, psychosocial interventions may be a suitable strategy to reduce the burden of disease and improve human health.
Zahra Zamani-Babgohari, Hamide Khasareh, S. M. Hossein Mousavi-Nasab,
Volume 22, Issue 2 (8-2024)
Abstract
Aim and Background: The absence of parents causes problems in the social and psychological development of students in quasi-family centers. The use of pretend play can correct these problems. The purpose of this research was to determine the effectiveness of pretend play on the theory of mind and emotional self-regulation of homeless children under welfare.
Methods and Materials: The research method was semi-experimental with a pre-test-post-test design with a control group. The statistical population of the present study consisted of children covered by the welfare of Kerman city in the first half of 2023, from which 28 children were selected by an available sampling method and they were randomly divided into two experimental (14 people) and control (14 people) groups. In order to collect data, emotional self-regulation questionnaires of Shield and Cicche, theory of mind and pretend play protocol were used for two months in 8 sessions of 60 minutes in person. A multifarious covariance data test was used to analyze the data.
Findings: The findings of the research showed that by controlling the effect of the pre-test, there was a significant difference at the level of 0.05 between the mean of the post-test of emotion self-regulation and theory of mind in the two experimental groups and the control group.
Conclusions: As a result, the educational method of pretend play can be used in order to reduce the psychological problems of life in quasi-family centers and to create adaptive skills of social life with an effect on self-regulation of emotion and theory of mind.
Seyed Hamed Hosseinpour Khaghani, Rahim Yousefi, Reza Abdi, Hassan Yaghoubi,
Volume 22, Issue 2 (8-2024)
Abstract
Aim and Background: The present study aims to investigate the relationship between early maladaptive schemas and Pathological Dimensions of Personality with The body dysmorphic symptoms was carried out through the mediation of Rejection Sensitivity and Social-Cultural Attitudes Towards Appearance.
Methods and Materials: The current research was descriptive and based on structural equation modeling. The statistical population; all the students of the second secondary level of the five districts of Tabriz in the academic year of 1402-1403 were selected by available sampling method in the number of 396 people and answered questionnaires of body dysmorphic symptoms (Oosthuizen et al.), schemas Yang's early maladaptive (short form), Pathological Dimensions of Personality (PID-5), Social-Cultural Attitudes Towards Appearance (SATAQ-3) and Appearance-Based Rejection Sensitivity (Park). SPSS software was used to calculate descriptive and correlation indices, and AMOS software was used to model structural equations.
Findings: Based on the results in the modified model of the research, all the hypothesized direct paths, except for the path of Pathological Dimensions of Personality to body dysmorphic symptoms (effect size: 0.11 and P: 0.09), have a significant positive and direct effect (P<0.05). In addition, the mediating role of Rejection Sensitivity and Social-Cultural Attitudes towards Appearance in the relationship between early maladaptive schemas and Pathological Dimensions of Personality with body dysmorphic symptoms is at a significant level (P< 0.01).
Conclusions: The results show that early maladaptive schemas and pathological dimensions of personality can predict the formation of body dysmorphic symptoms based on the mediating mechanisms of Rejection Sensitivity and Social-Cultural Attitudes towards Appearance among teenagers.
Mostafa Ansarion, Hasan Mirza Hosseini, Majid Zargham Hajebi,
Volume 22, Issue 3 (10-2024)
Abstract
Aim and Background: A person's mood has an effect on selective attention and false memory; But the answer to the question which type of mood (negative or positive) and in which emotional situation (negative or positive) creates the most false memory, requires more research. The present study was conducted with the aim of determining the role of emotion induction on false memory with the mediating role of attention bias in patients with mood disorders.
Methods and Materials: The semi-experimental research method and the statistical population included all men and women suffering from major depressive disorder and bipolar I disorder (manic period) referred to Razi Psychiatric Hospital. 54 women and 54 men were selected by purposive sampling. In each group, 9 men and 9 women were included. Positive mood was induced to 36 subjects and negative mood to 36 subjects, and no mood was induced to 36 subjects in the control group. False Memory Questionnaire (DRM) was implemented as a pre-test to measure the level of false memory of subjects. And then the false memory task based on the DRM paradigm (post-test) with the mood induction method was used to measure the amount of false memory with different emotional content including positive, negative and neutral by showing the movie. After that, the Stroop test (attention hijacking) was also performed to check the level of emotional states and its effect on attention hijacking. Multivariate analysis of variance and analysis of covariance using statistical software SPSS 29 and pls3 were used to analyze the data.
Findings: Mood induction through attention bias has an indirect effect on false memory.
Conclusions: It can be concluded that attention bias play a mediating role in the relationship between mood induction and false memory
