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Showing 14 results for Qasem

Jalalian Amir Mohammad , Ahi Qasem ,
Volume 17, Issue 1 (8-2019)
Abstract

Aim and Background: Fear of negative emotions plays an important role in maladaptive adjustment. When such emotions are experienced, individuals may be involved in emotional avoidance. Accordingly, the present study was conducted to investigate the role of mind wandering and mental time travel in predicting of fear of happiness. Methods and Materials: The research method was descriptive from type of correlation. The statistical population of this study was all students of Islamic Azad University of Birjand in the academic year of 2017-2018. The number of sample members in this study was considered to be 500. A cluster sampling method was used to select the sample. Data gathering was conduct using Fear of Happiness Scale (FSH), Mind Wandering Questionnaire (MWQ) and Mental Time Travel Scale (MTTS). Analyzing the data was carrying out by multiple regression. Findings: Findings showed that there is a positive and significant correlation between mind wandering and fear of happiness. Also, there is a negative and significant relationship between mental time travel (past and future) with fear of happiness. In addition, it was found that the fear of happiness were predicted through mind wandering, mental time travel in the past, and mental time travel in the future. The three models all account for over 19% of the variance fear of happiness (R Square= 0.19). Conclusions: The findings of the present study showed the roles of mind wandering and mental time travel in predicting of fear of happiness. Therefore, considering the role of these predictive variables by experts, therapists and planners seem to be necessary when working with students, and particularly in counseling and therapeutic centers.
Somayeh Zare, Qasem Ahi, Shahram Vaziri, Fatemeh Shahabizadeh,
Volume 17, Issue 3 (10-2019)
Abstract

Aim and Background: High levels of sexual risk behaviors in young adults constitute a major public health concern and understanding the transition to risky behaviors during emerging adulthood is a challenge for researchers. The present research was aimed to investigate the mediating role of the cognitive emotion regulation strategies in relationship between attachment styles with high-risky sexual behaviors in students of Islamic Azad University of Shiraz.

Methods and Materials: In this correlation and descriptive study with structural equation modeling approach, among all students of Islamic Azad University of Shiraz in the academic year of 2018-2019, 747 students were selected by random cluster sampling method. Data were collected by Risky Sexual Behaviors Questionnaire (RSBQ), Cognitive Emotion Regulation Qquestionnaire (CERQ) and Attachment Style Questionnaire (ASQ) and then, were analyzed by SPSS and Lisrel software and using structural equation modeling.

Findings: The results showed that the relationship between attachment style and risky sexual behaviors questionnaire is mediated by cognitive emotion regulation strategies. The rate of fit indices of GFI was equal to 0.95, CFI was equal to 0.98, NFI was equal to 0.97, IFI was equal to 0.98, NNFI was equal to 0.98, AGFI was equal to 0.93, RFI was equal to 0.97 and RMSEA was equal to 0.061, all of which indicated the fitting of the proposed model with the data. The findings also showed that 50% of the variance observed in high-risk sexual behaviors can be explained by combining attachment styles variables, positive emotion regulation strategies, and negative emotion regulation strategies.

Conclusions: The findings of study supported the proposed conceptual model in which the relationship between childhood trauma and fear of happiness was mediated through positive and negative cognitive emotion regulation strategies. So considering the role of these predictors and the mediators by professionals, therapists and planners appears to be necessary in work with students and specifically in counseling and treatment centers.


Maryam Ghaderi, Qasem Ahi, Shahram Vaziri, Ahmad Mansoori, Fatemeh Shahabizadeh ,
Volume 17, Issue 4 (1-2020)
Abstract

Aim and Background: Based on the theories of etiology of self-injury behaviors, several psychological and social multivariate models have been investigated to predict self-injury behaviors in adolescents. This study aimed to investigate the mediating role of self–criticism and distress tolerance in relationship between attachment styles and non-suicidal self-injury behaviors in adolescents.

Methods and Materials: This study was a descriptive-correlational study with structural equation modeling approach. The statistical population consisted of all high school students in Kashmar city in the years 2018-2019. Initially, a sample of 700 students was selected among all high school students were selected by multistage cluster sampling, but the final analysis was performed on 292 students who reported at least one experience of non-suicidal self-injury behaviors. Data were collected using Deliberate Self–Harm Inventory (DSHI), Childhood Attachment to Each Parent Scale (CAEPS), Distress Tolerance Scale (DES) and Forms of-Self–Criticism/Attacking & Self-Reassuring (FSCRS) and were analyzed in SPSS and LISREL software by using structural equation modeling.

Findings: The results showed that the relationship between attachment styles and non-suicidal self-injury behaviors mediated by self-criticism and distress tolerance. The amount of fit indices of GFI, CFI, NFI, IFI, NNFI, AGFI, RFI and RMSEA were equal to 0.94, 0.93, 0.90, 0.93, 0.90, 0.90, 0.89 and 0.071, respectively. The results indicate that the proposed model fits the data well. The findings of the study showed that 34% of the observed variance in non-suicidal self-injury behaviors can be explained through a combination of parent attachment, self-criticism and distress tolerance.

Conclusions: The findings of this study confirmed the mediating role of self-criticism and distress tolerance in the relationship between attachment styles and non-suicidal self-injury behaviors. Thus, it seems necessary for experts, therapists and planners when working with adolescents and specifically in counseling and treatment centers to consider the role of these mediating variables.


Dorna Nabizadeh Asl, Qasem Ahi, Fatemeh Shahabizadeh, Ahmad Mansouri4,
Volume 18, Issue 3 (11-2020)
Abstract

Aim and Background: Psychotic-like experiences are considered non-clinical and mild forms of psychotic disorders that are associated with negative consequences such as distress, mental disorders and functional impairments. In addition, they can lead to clinical psychosis. Therefore, the present study aimed to investigate the mediating role of cognitive emotion regulation, cognitive biases, and negative schemas in the relationship between traumatic childhood experiences and psychotic-like experiences.
Methods and Materials: The research was descriptive-correlational. The statistical population consisted of all students of Islamic Azad University, Birjand branch (N=5700) in the academic year of 2019-2020. The sample size was 400 people who were selected by cluster random sampling. In order to collect data, Childhood Trauma Questionnaire (CTQ), Cognitive Emotion Regulation Questionnaire (CERQ), Davos Assessment of Cognitive Biases Scale (DACOBS), Brief Core Schema Scales (BCSS) and the 16-item version of the Prodromal Questionnaire (PQ-16) were used. The present research data were analyzed using SPSS and LISREL software and structural equation modeling.
Findings: The results showed that traumatic childhood experiences have a significant effect on the cognitive emotion regulation, cognitive biases and negative schemas (p <0.05). Cognitive emotion regulation, cognitive biases, and negative schemas have a significant effect on the psychotic-like experiences (p <0.05). Also, cognitive emotion regulation, cognitive biases, and negative schemas mediated the relationship between traumatic childhood experiences and psychotic-like experiences.
Conclusions: The results of the present study support the hypothesis that cognitive emotion regulation, cognitive biases, and negative schemas mediate the relationship between traumatic childhood experiences psychotic-like experiences.
Monavar Gilanifar, Qasem Ahi, Farzan Kheirkhah, Fatemeh Shahabizadeh,
Volume 19, Issue 2 (8-2021)
Abstract

Aim and Background: Understanding the predictors and vulnerabilities of bipolar disorder is very important because the prevalence and recurrence rate of this disease is high and even after treatment, patients still experience mild symptoms and functional impairments. Therefore, the present study aimed to investigate the mediating role of behavioral activation system–relevant cognitive styles in the relationship between traumatic childhood experiences with bipolar disorder syndrome in patients with bipolar disorder.
Methods and Materials: The present study was a descriptive correlational study. The statistical population consisted of all patients with bipolar disorder admitted to Shahid Hayinejad Hospital in Babol. The sample size was 379 people who were selected by available sampling method in a period of 18 months. In order to collect the research data have used  from the Child Trauma Questionnaire, Beck Depression Inventory- II,  Mania Self-Report Scale and 3 Questionnaires of behavioral activation system–relevant cognitive styles (Perfectionism / Performance Evaluation subscale of Dysfunctional Attitudes Scale, Self-Criticism subscale of Depression Experiences Scale, and Autonomy subscale of Autonomy - Community orientation Scale). The research data were analyzed using SPSS and LISREL software and structural equation modeling.
Findings: The results showed that traumatic childhood experiences have an effect on behavioral activation system–relevant cognitive styles and symptoms (depression and mania) of bipolar disorder (p <0.05). Behavioral activation system–relevant cognitive styles have an effect on symptoms (depression and mania) (p <0.05). In addition, the results showed that the behavioral activation system–relevant cognitive styles mediate the relationship between traumatic childhood experiences and symptoms (depression and mania) of bipolar disorder.
Conclusions: The results of the present study support the hypothesis behavioral activation system–relevant cognitive styles mediate the relationship between traumatic childhood experiences and symptoms (depression and mania) of bipolar disorder.
Mahdi Lashagri1, Qasem Ahi, Fatemeh Shahabizaseh, Ahmad Mansouri,
Volume 19, Issue 3 (10-2021)
Abstract

Aim and Background: In addition to high morbidity and mortality due to Prevalence of Covid-19, it has led to psychological problems including Corona anxiety, that Women are more prone to this anxiety than men. The aim of this study was to investigate the effectiveness of cognitive behavioral therapy based on intolerance of uncertainty on worry and anxiety in women with corona anxiety.
Methods and Materials: This study was a case study with multiple baseline and two-month follow-up. Three female patients who had completed criteria set for entering the study, were selected from the statistical population by available sampling method. Then they were treated for 15 sessions upon the protocol of cognitive-behavioral therapy based on intolerance of uncertainty. Participants were assessed three times on the baseline stage and in sessions 3, 6, 9, 12, 15 as well as in monthly follow-up sessions for two months by completing the Corona Disease Anxiety Scale, Penn State Worry Questionnaire, and Worry Domain Questionnaire. Data were analyzed using visual inspection, improvement percentage and reliable change index.
Findings: The results showed that cognitive-behavioral therapy based on intolerance of uncertainty model was clinically and statistically effective on worry and anxiety in Women with Corona anxiety (p<0.05).
Conclusions: Based on the results of the present study, it can be said that the cognitive-behavioral therapy based on intolerance of uncertainty can be an effective intervention to reduce worry and anxiety in women with Corona anxiety.
Hossein Bashi Abdolabadi, Qasem Ahi, Maryam Asle Zaker, Fateme Shahabi Zadeh, Maryam Nasri,
Volume 20, Issue 2 (9-2022)
Abstract

Aim and Background: The need to establish intimacy and close relationships with others is considered as a basic and important human motivation. The present study aimed to investigate the role of the quality of object relationships on close relationship experience mediated by the self-differentiation and cognitive emotion regulation.
Methods and Materials: The study was a descriptive-correlational one conducted using Structural Equation Modeling. The population included all people who were married for at least two years and visited psychological and counseling clinics in Mashhad, Iran, from 2020 to 21 due to suffering from matrimonial conflicts. The participants were selected using the convenience sampling technique. Then, 300 questionnaires were distributed among the participants, and 260 questionnaires were gathered. The instruments for data collection included Bell’s Object Relations and Reality Testing Inventory, the cognitive emotion regulation questionnaire, the questionnaire concerning the self-differentiation, and close relationship experience questionnaire. The data were analyzed using Pearson’s correlation coefficient and the structural equation modeling.
Findings: The findings showed that the quality of object relationships predicted the rates of close relationship experience (P>0/05). Moreover, the findings showed that the differential of self and negative cognitive emotion regulation played mediatory roles (P>0/05).
Conclusions: Accordingly, both in premarital counseling and in couple therapy sessions, it is vital to determine variables based on psychoanalytic concepts like the quality of object relationships and self-differentiation and adjust interventions based on these concepts.
 
Ahmad Shamsabadi, Qasem Ahi, Seyed Abdolhamid Bahreinian, Ahmad Mansouri4, Fatemeh Shahabizadeh,
Volume 20, Issue 3 (12-2022)
Abstract

Aim and Background: Borderline personality disorder is one of the most costly mental disorders that lead to the loss of clinical and social resources, and due to the high costs, it is necessary to investigate the effective factors in the creation and continuation of borderline personality traits. This study was aimed to investigate the mediating role of personality organization in the relationship between childhood maltreatment and borderline personality symptoms.
Methods and Materials: The statistical society of this study consisted of all students aged 18 to 45 years of Islamic Azad University of Mashhad (N = 32000) in the period from January to March 2022. The research sample consisted of 451 students who were selected by convenience sampling method and completed the childhood trauma questionnaire, personality organization questionnaire and borderline personality scale. Data were analyzed using the structural equation modeling method with the help of SPSS version 24 and LISREL 8.8 statistical software.
Findings: The findings showed that the direct path of childhood maltreatment to personality organization was positive and significant and to borderline personality symptoms was positive and non-significant. The direct path of personality organization to borderline personality symptoms was positive and significant. Additionally, the indirect relationship between childhood maltreatment and borderline personality symptoms was found to be mediated by personality organization.
Conclusions: The findings support the mediating role of personality organization in the relationship between childhood maltreatment and borderline personality symptoms. These findings showed that personality organization can play an indirect role in enhancing the effects of childhood maltreatment on borderline personality symptoms. Strengthening positive psychological characteristics and reducing risk factors, including traumatic childhood environments, and designing and using intervention programs can help reduce the symptoms of borderline personality.
 
Sara Fakharian Moghaddam, Qasem Ahi, Fatemeh Moharreri,
Volume 20, Issue 4 (3-2023)
Abstract

Aim and Background: Identifying factors that reduce initial hesitancy toward vaccination and increase vaccine acceptance among the general public can aid ongoing efforts to vaccinate against Covid-19. This research was conducted with the aim of investigating the relationship between fear of covid-19 and desire to get vaccinated with the mediating role of Complacency and Perceived effectiveness of the COVID-19 vaccine.
Methods and Materials: The present study was a correlational descriptive study, and its statistical society consisted of all students of Mashhad University of Medical Sciences in 2022-2023. The number of sample members in this research was considered to be 300 people who were selected by cluster random sampling method. To collect the data, the scale of fear of covid-19, the scale of COVID-19 Vaccination Intention, the Complacency subscale of the 5C model and the Scale for evaluating the Perceived effectiveness of the COVID-19 vaccine used. Data were analyzed using path analysis and SPSS-22 and Lisrel 8.8.
Findings: The age range of the subjects was between 18 and 30 years, with an average age of 21.75 and a standard deviation of age of 1.93. The research findings showed that there is the highest correlation between fear of covid-19 perceived effectiveness of the COVID-19 vaccine. This correlation was positive and significant ((p<0.01). In addition, the lowest correlation value was observed between fear of covid-19 and the desire to get vaccinated Covid-19. This correlation was also positive and significant (p<0.01). Also, the findings of the research showed that Complacency and perceived effectiveness of the COVID-19 vaccine play a mediating role in the relationship between fear of covid-19 and the desire to get vaccinated Covid 19 (p<0.01).
Conclusions: These findings highlight the importance of understanding the role of predictors about covid-19 and psychosocial mediating mechanisms of antecedents based on the health belief model and the 5C model on willingness to get vaccinated. Based on this, complacency and perceived effectiveness of the COVID-19 vaccine appeared as mediating psychological factors that affect the acceptance of the vaccine.
Marzieh Baziari, Shahram Vaziri, Farah Lotfi Kashani, Qasem Ahi, Ahmad Mansouri,
Volume 21, Issue 2 (7-2023)
Abstract

Aim and Background: One of the most common psychological disorders among children, adolescents and adults, is anxiety disorders. These disorders include a complex of disorders that their common features are fear, anxiety, and behavioral distress. Various causes and factors are involved in appearance of the disorder. The aim of this study was to examine the mediating role of transdiagnostic factors in relationship between stressful events and generalized anxiety.
Methods and Materials: The research method was non-experimental causal. The statistical population was all students of public universities of science and technology ministry in Tehran. Among them 700 students were selected by convenience sampling. And the data were gathered through internet-based questionnaires. The instruments included generalized anxiety scale (short-form) (2006), Freeston’s intolerance of uncertainty (1994), cognitive emotion regulation questionnaire (short-form) (2006), acceptance and action questionnaire (2011), life events scale (1971), and meta-cognitive beliefs questionnaire. To analyze the data structural equation modeling (SEM) was used through Amos software version 26.
Findings: The results showed that the indirect effect of stressful events on generalized anxiety disorder by mediating role of transdiagnostic factors is significant (p<0.05). The estimates of the findings indicated that intolerance of uncertainty has equal coefficients in mediating of stressful events and generalized anxiety (p<0.05). Also, results revealed that compatible and incompatible emotion regulation, experiential avoidance, and metacognitive beliefs as transdiagnostic factors have significant role in mediating in relationship between stressful events and generalized anxiety (p<0.05).
Conclusions: Regarding the obtained findings based on analyzing data, it can be mentioned that transdiagnostic factors has a mediating role between stressful events and generalized anxiety. Therefore, it is highly important to pay attention to transdiagnostic factors in treatment of patients suffering from generalized anxiety disorder.                      
Majid Madihi, Seyed Abdulmajid Bahrainian, Qasem Ahi, Ahmad Mansouri, Gholamreza Sharifzadeh5,
Volume 21, Issue 3 (10-2023)
Abstract

 
 Aim and Background: The Covid-19 epidemic has had many effects on the people's lives, especially medical students. However, little is known about the effects of this pandemic on medical students' learning, stress, and academic burnout. Therefore, the aim of present study was investigating the mediating role of self-efficacy in the relationship between the fear of Covid-19 contagion and the academic burnout of medical students.
Methods and Materials: The research population of this study was consisted of all students of Birjand University of Medical Sciences (N=4000) in the academic year of 2021-2022. The research sample was consisted of 436 students who were selected by available sampling method and completed the fear of contagion questionnaire, academic self-efficacy scale and Maslach burnout inventory–student survey. Data were analyzed using the structural equation modeling.
Findings: The findings showed that direct effect of fear of Covid-19 contagion on academic burnout was significant, but its effect on academic burnout was not significant. The direct effect of academic self-efficacy on academic burnout was significant. Also, indirect effect of fear of Covid-19 contagion with the mediation of academic self-efficacy on is significant.
Conclusions: The results suggest that academic self-efficacy can play an important role in increasing the effects fear of contagion epidemic diseases such as Covid-19 on academic burnout. The findings of this research can help to design or use of trainings based on self-efficacy during epidemic periods to reduce academic burnout of medical students.
Arezo Taheri, Abulqasem Pyadeh -Kohsar, Abdi Hassan,
Volume 21, Issue 3 (10-2023)
Abstract

Aim and Background: The purpose of this study was to investigate the effectiveness of play therapy on behavioral problems, feelings of loneliness and depression of deaf children.
Materials and Methods: The research method is semi-experimental with pre-test, post-test and control and experimental groups. The statistical population of the research was made up of deaf children of Shahrood city. The purposeful sampling method is that based on the research entry criteria, 30 children from exceptional Kedars of Shahrood city will be selected, who will be divided into 2 groups in a simple random manner. Research questionnaires included Asher's feeling of loneliness in children and adolescents, Covey and Patterson Behavioral Problems Questionnaire (RBPC) - Revised form, and Maria Kovas Children's Depression (CDI). Analysis of covariance test was used to analyze the research data. All statistical operations of the research were considered using SPSS version 25 software with a significance level of P<0.05.
Findings: The research results showed that after controlling for the effect of the pre-test, the difference between the pre-test and post-test scores of the two groups is significant for the variable of behavioral problems and depression, and the mean scores of the experimental group in the variable of behavioral problems and depression are also significantly lower than the control group. p > 0.001). Also, the difference in the mean scores of the post-test feeling of loneliness in the two experimental and control groups is significant (P=0.031).
Conclusion: According to the results of the research, it can be said that play therapy is a suitable approach and intervention in reducing behavioral problems, depression and loneliness of deaf children.

 
Fateme Pudine Sabour, Qasem Ahi, Fatemeh Shahabizadeh,
Volume 21, Issue 4 (1-2024)
Abstract

Aim and Background: comparing the effect of psychological approaches in different fields, especially students' problems, is one of the topics of interest to researchers. The purpose of this research is to compare effectiveness of teaching techniques based on Eric Berne's Transactional analysis and narrative-therapeutic approach on reducing the impulsivity of abusive male students in Zahedan.
Methods and Materials: The design of the descriptive research was causal-comparative, in order to investigate the hypotheses of the research, 45 badly behaved students who referred to the Omid Zahedan clinic were studied, the training package of techniques based on the narrative-therapeutic approach and Erik's exchange analysis. They were trained and subjected to impulsivity test and the results were analyzed using SPSS software using multivariate analysis of variance.
Findings: The results of the research showed that teaching techniques based on the narrative therapy approach is effective in reducing the impulsivity of mistreated students in Zahedan city, and also teaching techniques based on the exchange analysis approach is effective in reducing the impulsivity of mistreated students in Zahedan city (P<0.05).
Conclusions: According to the results of the research, it can be said that the impulsivity of poorly supervised students has been significantly reduced by teaching techniques based on Eric Burn's narrative-therapeutic approach and exchange analysis
Mrs. Akram Zarei Goonyani, Dr. Ahmad Mansouri, Dr. Qasem Ahi, Dr. Seyed Abdolmajid Bahreinian, Dr. Fahime Saied,
Volume 22, Issue 4 (12-2024)
Abstract

Aim and Background: Research has increasingly shown a relation between childhood maltreatment and the dysregulated behaviors observed in individuals, yet the mediating factors in this relationship have received little attention. Thus, the primary aim of this study is to explore the role of cognitive processes as mediators in the relationship between childhood maltreatment and the dysregulated behaviors of individuals with bipolar disorder.
Methods and Materials: This study employed a descriptive and correlational research design. The statistical population consisted of all individuals with bipolar disorder who were hospitalized at Razi Psychiatric Hospital during the years 2023-2024. A total of two hundred individuals were selected for the research sample using convenience sampling. Data collection tools included the following: the Binge Eating Severity Scale (Gormally et al., 1982), the Deliberate Self-Harm Inventory (Gratz, 2001), the Alcohol Use Disorders Identification Test (Saunders et al., 1989), the Childhood Trauma Questionnaire (CTQ), the Cognitive Abilities Questionnaire (Nejati, 2013), the Difficulties in Emotion Regulation Scale- Short Form (Kaufman et al., 2016), the Acceptance and Action Questionnaire (Bond et al., 2011), and the Levels of Self-Criticism Scale (Thompson & Zuroff, 2004). Data analysis was conducted using SPSS and LISREL software, employing Pearson correlation and structural equation modeling techniques.
Findings: The study's results indicated that cognitive processes—including cognitive ability, self-criticism, experiential avoidance, and difficulties in emotion regulation—play a mediating role in the relationship between childhood maltreatment and dysregulated behaviors, such as alcohol consumption, binge eating, and non-suicidal self-injury, in individuals with bipolar disorder. The statistical fit of the model was strong, with the following indices: CFI= 0.96, NNFI= 0.95, IFI= 0.96, GFI= 0.92, and RMSEA= 0.072.
Conclusions: People with bipolar disorder who experienced childhood maltreatment often exhibit dysregulated behaviors due to cognitive processes. Therefore, clinical interventions focusing on cognitive processes are essential in preventing maladaptive behaviors in this population.
 

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