Aim and Background: Vaginal delivery is one of the most stressful experiences of a mother's life. Therefore, a significant number of pregnant mothers select cesarean delivery as a method of termination of pregnancy to get rid of these conditions. Since one of the important factors in choosing cesarean in pregnant women is fear of labor pain. The aim of this study was to evaluate the effectiveness of reducing the fear of labor pain in the way of the reality therapy on the choice of vaginal delivery in pregnant women. Methods and Materials: The research method was semi-experimental with pre-test, post-test design, with control group. The statistical sample of study included 39 pregnant women with gestational age ≥4 weeks in Nowshahr city, in Iran. These women had chosen cesarean section method for the termination of pregnancy and were visited for Midwifery Care in the Urban and Rural Health Centers from December of 2017 to March 2018. The sample was selected targeted non-random method and randomly divided into two experimental (20) and control groups (19). The reality therapy was performed in 8 sessions of 90 minute, twice a week for the experimental group. The. Childbirth Attitudes Questionnaire (CAQ) was used for data collection. The data was analyzed using Analysis of covariance (ANCOVA). Findings: After the intervention, the fear of labor pain in the experimental group was significantly different from that of the control group (p<.05). The scores of fear of labor pain in women who decided to undergo vaginal delivery after the reality therapy showed no significant difference with those who continued to perform cesarean section delivery for termination of pregnancy. Conclusions: The result showed that reality therapy can be used to reduce the fear of childbirth.
Aim and Background: Breast cancer, one of the most important cancers, creates many challenges for women who are suffering from it. The aim of present study the study of the efficacy of Comparison of The effectiveness of cognitive-behavioral group therapy and acceptance and commitment group therapy on Self-efficacy in breast cancer patients. Methods and Materials: In a semi experimental study, pre-test, post-test and follow-up with the control group, 60 subjects who were admitted to the study were selected by available sampling method. The subjects were matched on demographic factors and divided in 3 groups of 20 persons. For the group based on acceptance and commitment, 8 training sessions were held and 10 training sessions were held for the group based on cognitive-behavioral therapy, while no intervention was provided for the control group. At the end of the training sessions, The self-efficacy scale (post-test) was performed in each of the 3 groups. Also, 2 months after treatment, 3 groups completed again The self-efficacy scale in the follow up phase. Data analysis was performed using the Repeated Measurement Test and Multivariate Covariance Analysis. Findings: The results demonstrated that both group therapies Improve self-efficacy among patients (P>0.001). Also, the results showed that there is no significant difference between two methods in Improve self-efficacy in patients with breast cancer. (P>0.05) Conclusions: Acceptance and commitment therapy and cognitive - behavioral therapy are effective in Improve self-efficacy in patients with breast cancer.