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Aim and Background: The expansion of internet and creation of social networks in its context, has caused a lot of interactions among people. Relationship with different sex is one of the phenomenon which is very common through cyberspace so that today these relationships has also been extended to adolescence. The purpose of this study was to study the pathology of relationship with different sex in virtual social networks to get a deeper understanding of it in adolescents. Methods and Materials: The research method was qualitative and descriptive phenomenology. Semi-structured interviews and Colaizzi method were used to collection and analyzing data. The sample consisted of 11 students aged 14-16 years old in one of the high schools of Tehran 18th district which were selected through purposeful sampling. Findings: Interviews analysis led to the identification of 3 main themes contains, experience with different sex, sexual corruption and traumatic consequences and 11 categories contains, motivations for communication, relationship modeling with different sex, variety of relationships, competition for takeover, strengthening relationship, sexual communication, promoting sexual corruption, sexual harm, social harm, and personal injury and 73 initial concepts. Conclusions: The results showed virtual social networks facilitates and strengthen the communication with different sexes and provides the context for their real-world communication and its harmful consequences.

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Aim and Background: In the past, obsessive-compulsive disorder was considered chronic and ineffective, but today it has changed significantly due to findings that support the effectiveness of cognitive-behavioral therapy. The purpose of this study was the Comparing Efficacy of Inference-Based Therapy, neurofeedback training and combine the two methods in treatment of patients with obsessive-compulsive disorder.

Methods and Materials: This study was a survey and multi-group pre-test and post-test semi experimental design. In this study, 2550 subjects were selected by cluster sampling method from among teachers of Meshkinshahr city and1916 subjects completing the Yale-Brown obsessive-compulsive scale (YBOCS) and diagnostic interview, and in the second stage, 66 out of 153 subjects who had a higher score from the point of incision 20 in the obsessive-compulsory questionnaire, after the diagnostic interview, were randomly assigned to a control group and three experimental groups, and eventually The collected data were analyzed by using MANOVA with SPSS 18 software.

Findings: The results of the comparison of experimental and control groups showed that the severity of obsessive-compulsive disorder and its subscales (check, wash, repetition, and doubt) in the experimental groups significantly decreased compared to the control group. In general, the effectiveness of the three methods Therapy on the obsessive-compulsive variable and its subscales are confirmed in the post-test phase. The effect of this effect is between 35.3 to 79.6% and the difference in the post-test scores through three treatment groups. The results obtained from the paired comparisons According to the Bonferroni test, show that combination therapy of of Inference-Based Therapy and neurofeedback education in decrease the severity of obsessive-compulsive disorder is more effective than Inference-Based Therapy and it is more effective than neurofeedback education.

Conclusions: In this study, the combination treatment of Inference-Based Therapy and neurofeedback education in decrease the severity of obsessive-compulsive disorder is more effective than Inference-Based Therapy and it is more effective than neurofeedback education.

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Aim and Background: The research aimed to investigate the effectiveness of emotional schema therapy on the mood symptoms and impulsivity of women with bipolar disorder (I, II).

Methods and Materials: Present research was semi-experimental study with pretest-posttest design and follow-up with control group that was performed on 30 female patients with bipolar disorder referring to the Farabi hospital in Isfahan in 2016. Participants were selected by available sampling, then they were randomly assigned to experimental (n=15) and control group (n=15). Participants responded to Barratt Impulsiveness Scale (2004), Hamilton Questionnaire and Young Mania Scale in three steps pretest, posttest and follow-up. Experimental group in addition to medication, they received emotional schema therapy in group method during 14, 90-minute sessions while the control group did not received any cognitive intervention. Descriptive statistics methods and analysis of multivariate Covariance and were used for analyzing the data

Findings: Findings showed that emotional schema therapy had impact on the dimensions of impulsivity and mood symptoms (depression and mania) of bipolar patients and this effectiveness continued to be sustained in fallow up 3 months later.

Conclusions: Applying emotional schema therapy along with drug therapy can be effective intervention for treatment of mood symptoms and impulsivity in patients with bipolar disorder.

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Aim and Background: Different models of family psychological education, including the Moos and Tsu model, can have a significant effect on families with Slow-learner children. In this study, the effectiveness of family rehabilitation program in promoting psychological well-being of mothers with Slow- learner children has been investigated.
Methods and Materials: This study was a quasi-educational study with pretest and posttest and control group. The sample of the present study included 30 mothers with Slow- learner children, 15 of whom were in the experimental group and the other 15 in the control group. The family rehabilitation program was performed according to the Moos and Tsu model in 8 sessions of one to one and a half hours for the experimental group. All participants completed a short form of the Reef Psychological Well-Being Questionnaire and the results were analyzed through multivariate analysis of covariance.
Findings: The analysis of the results showed that the rehabilitation program with the Moos and Tsu model has improved psychological well-being and its components in the mothers of the experimental group. This effect of family empowerment according to the Moos and Tsu model can be seen on the subscales of improving self-acceptance, positive relationships with others, autonomy, mastery of the environment, purposeful living and personal growth.
Conclusions: Findings showed that the rehabilitation program with the Moos and Tsu model with emphasis on cognitive-behavioral approach can be effective to improve the psychological well-being of mothers with Slow- learner children. Therefore, therapists can help these mothers in their well-being by using this model and its effectiveness.

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Aim and Background: Pregnancy is one of the most important phases of a woman’s reproductive cycle and is considered a natural process for them. Nevertheless, due to changes in psychological and social domains, it can be accompanied by mood and anxiety disorders. So, the aim of this study was to investigate mindfulness based on stress reduction for somatic, cognitive, behavioral anxiety and sleep quality in pregnant mothers.
Methods and Materials: The paper was an experimental study based on control and treatment groups with pre-test and post- test in which 60 eligible pregnant mothers were elected from Amin hospital in Isfahan who randomly assigned, in two groups of 30 people .Pre-test was performed for both two groups by somatic, cognitive, behavioral anxiety inventory (SCBI) and Pittsburg sleep quality index (PSQI). The treatment group for 8 sessions of 2/5 hours (once a week) was placed under the training of mindfulness-based on stress reduction intervention. Afterwards, the post-test was done for both groups. The obtained data were analyzed by statistical tests such as independent and paired T-Test using SPSS software version 25.
Findings: The findings indicate that MBSR had effect on anxiety and sleep quality of pregnant women (P<0/05).
Conclusions: Based on results, it could be said that mindfulness based on stress reduction intervention can have positive impact on anxiety and somatic, cognitive, behavioral and sleep quality of pregnant women. So, it seems necessary to consider the role of this intervention by health professionals and therapists in maternal health centers.

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Aim and Background: Overweight and obesity is one of the health problems of developing and developed countries and is increasing at an alarming rate throughout the world, especially in children and adolescents. The aim of this study was to investigate the effect of emotion regulation training along with diet on psychological flexibility and self-regulatory behavior of overweight adolescents.
Methods and Materials: This research was a quasi-experimental study that was a practical and semi-experimental design of pre-test, post-test and follow-up with a control and experimental group. The statistical population of the present study included all female adolescents of the first secondary school of Tonekabon city in the academic year of 1998-99, whose number was 286. Research sample 30 students were selected by multi-stage cluster sampling method and randomly assigned to the experimental and control groups (15 experimental, 15 control). For data collection, Brown et al. (1991) Self-Regulation Scale, Bond et al. (2011) Acceptance and Practice Questionnaire (Mental Flexibility), and Body Mass Index (BMI) were used before and after the training. Emotion regulation training was performed as a group on the experimental group and during this period the members of the control group did not receive any intervention. Research data were analyzed by multivariate analysis of covariance and Bonferren post hoc test in SPSS24.
Findings: It showed that emotion regulation training along with diet was effective on psychological flexibility and self-regulatory behavior of overweight adolescents.
Conclusions: According to the obtained results, emotion regulation training along with diet has an effect on increasing mental flexibility and improving the self-regulatory behavior of overweight adolescents.

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Aim and Background: Research has shown that examining the social behaviors of violence makes it possible to achieve its consequences; therefore, the purpose of this study is to investigate the role of social behaviors and consequences of violence with a grand theory approach.
Methods and Materials: This research was conducted with qualitative methodology and in the field of grounded theory in 2019 in Mashhad. Participants in this study were 17 male students in whom violent behaviors were observed, who were selected by purposive sampling. Data were collected through in-depth interviews and analyzed using open, axial and selective coding steps.
Findings: After analyzing and coding the data based on the approach of Strauss and Cobain Grand Theory, 20 categories were extracted which were classified into three dimensions: causal, contextual and intervening as well as outcome. The process of creating and reproducing violence was explained.
Conclusions: It seems that the categories and dimensions considered in this study explain the processes of reproduction of violence and in this regard, it can be used for related research.

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Aim and Background: The comparison of different psychological approaches in terms of their effect on psychological variables is of interest to many researchers. In this regard, the purpose of this research is to compare the effectiveness of unified transdiagnostic treatment and hope therapy on self-care activities and reducing cognitive-behavioral avoidance in patients with type 2 diabetes.
Methods and Materials: The design of the research is experimental and pre-test and post-test with a control group. The statistical population included all married men and women with type 2 diabetes and members of Ahvaz diabetes society in 1400. 60 of these patients were selected based on the criteria of entry and exit, screening and purposefully, and after matching, they were randomly assigned in 3 groups of 20 people. Research tools included diabetes self-care activities scale (Toobert et al. 2000) and cognitive-behavioral avoidance scale (Ottenbreit and Dobson, 2004). Data were analyzed through multivariate (MANCOVA) and univariate (ANCOVA) analyzes using SPSS software.
Findings: The results showed that integrated transdiagnostic treatment and hope therapy were effective on self-care activities and cognitive-behavioral avoidance in patients with diabetes (p<0.05); in addition, the results showed that there is no significant difference between the effectiveness of two types of intervention in patients with diabetes.
Conclusions: It seems that both approaches are equally effective on self-care activities and cognitive-behavioral avoidance in patients with diabetes.

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Aim and Background: This study compares emotion-oriented schema therapy and transactional analysis's effectiveness in addressing marital conflict communication beliefs, aiming to improve effectiveness and reduce recovery time.
Methods and Materials: The research method is semi-experimental, with a pre-test-post-test design and a control group with a follow-up stage. The statistical population of this research consisted of all couples who referred to Abadan counseling centers and Abadan judicial service offices in 2022. The statistical sample consisted of 30 couples who were randomly divided into two experimental groups and one control group based on the criteria for entering the research. The research tool was Eidelson and Epstein (1982) Communication Beliefs Questionnaire. Research protocols included emotional schema therapy written by Leahy, Tirch and Napolitano (2011) and interactional behavior analysis by Eric Byrne (2011). Multivariate covariance analysis and Bonferroni post hoc test were performed using SPSS version 26 statistical software at a significance level of 0.05 for data analysis.
Findings: The findings show that in the groups of emotion-oriented schema therapy and transactional analysis, there is a significant difference in all variable components of communication beliefs in the pre-test, post-test and follow-up phases (p≤0.05), but There is no significant difference in between the post-test and follow-up (p≥0.05). Also, there is no significant difference between the two experimental groups in the post-tests and follow-up group comparison (p≥0.05); But there is a significant difference between the control group and the two experimental groups (p<0.05).
Conclusions: According to the results of the research, it can be said that both treatments are effective on the variable of communication beliefs and its components in couples with marital conflict.