Aim & Backgrounds: Grief and bereavement causes to be compromised the health of people in various aspects. Many of bereaved persons are compromised depression symptoms and increasing the probability of death. The aim of this research was to study of effectiveness of time perspective therapy on depression and social well-being of bereaved women. Materials and Methods: The research method was experimental by design of pretest, posttest, and follow-up with un-equivalent control group. The statistical population of the research includes all bereaved women living in Babol, passing at least 12 months from their grief, still having symptoms of depression and grief. Among them 30 subjects through convenience sampling were selected. To collect the data Beck’s Depression and Keez’s Social Well-being Scales were used. The data were analyzed using repeated measure analysis of variance. Findings: The obtained results showed that the time perspective therapy on decreasing of depression and increasing social well-being was effective. The results of the follow-up scores showed that the efficacy of that was constant, as well. Conclusion: Considering the findings it concluded that the time perspective therapy is an effective therapy on reducing depression and increasing social well-being of bereaved women.
Aim and Background:Because the deficiency of communication skills in children with autism spectrum disorder (ASD) has a negative effect on the relationship between them and their parents, it seems necessary to use early interventions to improving the communication skills of these children. Therefore, the purpose of this study was to investigate the effectiveness of Hanen parent program on the parent-child relationship of families with children with ASD. Methods and Materials:This study was pre- test/ post- test and follow up with control group design. The Statistical population of this study included all children with ASD (ages 3 to 7) that lived in Isfahan county. The research sample included 22 children and their parents that were selected by convenience sampling. These participants assigned in two groups of 11 people, the experimental group and the control group. Then, parents of the experimental group received Hanen parent program for 3 months and 2 sessions per week. At this time, the control group did not receive any intervention. The study data collected by the child- parent relationship scale- CPRS (Pianta, 1994). The repeated measures MANCOVA analysis was used to analysis of data. Findings:The results showed efficiency of Hanen parent program on child- parent relationship and Subscales (conflicts, closeness and dependence) is significant in α= 0/05 level. Conclusions:According to the results of the present study, Hanen parent program can be used to improve the quality of child- parent relationship in children with ASD and their parent by providing opportunities for parent training.
