Aim and Background:A person's mood has an effect on selective attention and false memory; But the answer to the question which type of mood (negative or positive) and in which emotional situation (negative or positive) creates the most false memory, requires more research. The present study was conducted with the aim of determining the role of emotion induction on false memory with the mediating role of attention bias in patients with mood disorders. Methods and Materials:The semi-experimental research method and the statistical population included all men and women suffering from major depressive disorder and bipolar I disorder (manic period) referred to Razi Psychiatric Hospital. 54 women and 54 men were selected by purposive sampling. In each group, 9 men and 9 women were included. Positive mood was induced to 36 subjects and negative mood to 36 subjects, and no mood was induced to 36 subjects in the control group. False Memory Questionnaire (DRM) was implemented as a pre-test to measure the level of false memory of subjects. And then the false memory task based on the DRM paradigm (post-test) with the mood induction method was used to measure the amount of false memory with different emotional content including positive, negative and neutral by showing the movie. After that, the Stroop test (attention hijacking) was also performed to check the level of emotional states and its effect on attention hijacking. Multivariate analysis of variance and analysis of covariance using statistical software SPSS 29 and pls3 were used to analyze the data. Findings:Mood induction through attention bias has an indirect effect on false memory. Conclusions:It can be concluded that attention bias play a mediating role in the relationship between mood induction and false memory