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Aim and Background: Today different doses of drugs are used in the treatment of Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder (ADHD). Non-medical treatments such as physical activity have recently been considered. The purpose of this study was to investigate the effects of endurance training along with methylphenidate consumption on Behavioral symptoms in male rats with ADHD.

Methods and Materials: A laboratory research method was used. The subjects were 40 Wistar rats (mean and standard deviation of 181.78 ± 8.39 g) and aged 8-12 weeks. A 5-member group (mean and standard deviation of 182.6 ± 51.6 g) were randomly selected for sampling and blood sampling, and 35 rats (mean and standard deviation of 181.66 ± 8.09 g) to 5 Group 7 (control group and 4 groups of attention deficit hyperactivity disorder: methylphenidate use, endurance training, methylphenidate use and endurance training, without methylphenidate and no endurance training). 10 mg L-NAME for 8 weeks and 6 days per week for each rat was injected sub peritoneally for the attention deficit-hyperactivity disorder in rats. Angiotensin converting enzyme (ACE) and nitrite oxide (NO) were used to detect hypertension in rats after L-NAME injection. The open field test for over-active detection, and 5-band treadmill for endurance training of rats were used. The balance test was taken before and after 4 weeks of training. The drug group received 2 mg of methylphenidate daily per kg of body weight orally. The rats ran for 28 days each day (5 days a week) for 28 days. The practice load for training groups included running at speeds of 2 to 8 m / min for 30 minutes. Descriptive statistics were used to determine mean, mean, standard deviation, drawing tables and charts. For normalization of the distribution of dependent variables from the Kolmogorov-Smirnov and one-way variance for intra-group variation.

Findings: The results showed that the number of stands in the control group was higher than in all other groups and the number of traveled squares was less (p<0.001). The number of stands in the ADHD group was lower than in all other groups and the number of traveled squares was higher (p<0.001). There was no significant difference between the number of stands and the number of traveled squares in the ADHD group + Endurance exercises with ADHD + methylphenidate and also the ADHD group + methylphenidate + endurance training (p<0.001).

Conclusions: It seems that endurance training and methylphenidate consumption affect the behavioral patterns of the animal model of ADHD and it can be recommended that physical activity be used as an effective method to replace the use of methylphenidate.

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Aim and Background: Death anxiety plays an important role in panic disorder. Women with panic disorder experience higher death anxiety than other types of anxiety disorders. The purpose of this study was to investigate the causes of death anxiety and the strategies to deal with that in women with panic disorder.

Methods and Materials: This study was conducted using the underlying theory approach. Date was collected by semi- structured interviews with 13 women with panic disorder. The data was analyzed using Strauss and Corbin methods, which included open, axial and selective coding.

Findings: Findings of the causes of death anxiety included 4 main categories: (related to oneself, related to others, nature of death, related to the Afterword) and also contains 7 initial concepts: (revealing human weakness, stopping of life, death of loved ones, destiny of loved ones, dying process, lack of there recognition of death and afterwards and the punishment for the sins). Their strategies of confronting included two main categories: (avoidance strategies, consolation strategies) plus that seven basic concepts are also engaged: (limiting relationships, avoiding situations related to death, considering God’s mercy, abandoning the idea of death, charity, promising positive ideas to oneself, staying in fear).

Conclusions: In addition to self- related factors, factors related to others, the unknown nature of death and the afterlife were involved in causing death anxiety in women with panic disorder. They use avoidant and repressive solutions that do not provide them with sufficient effectiveness.

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Aim and Background: Women, as half of human resources in societies, are an effective factor in advancing the goals of society and the family. Studies show that women are more vulnerable to poverty and discrimination than men. Now, Unattended women are exposed to all kinds of social harms due to excessive responsibility, lack of familiarity with some social skills, lack of access to resources and consequently poor quality of life, as well as loss of network of relationships and responsibilities of dependents. Therefore, the present study was conducted to identify the effectiveness of acceptance and commitment therapy on psychosocial security, happiness and mental health of unattended women.
Methods and Materials: The research design was a quasi-experimental pretest-posttest with a control group. The statistical population of unattended women is covered by the Imam Khomeini Relief Committee in Kalibar city in 1399. From this population, 40 people were selected by purposive sampling and studied. So that 40 women were randomly divided into 2 groups: experimental (20) and control (20). The Maslow (1992) Psychosocial Security Questionnaire, Arhil & Lou (1990) Happiness and Goldberg (2008) Mental Health Questionnaire were used to collect data. Data were analyzed by analysis of covariance.
Findings: The results showed; Acceptance and commitment therapy has an effect on psychosocial security, happiness and mental health of Unattended women and increases psychosocial security and happiness and decreases mental health in Unattended women (lower score indicates higher mental health).
Conclusions: Therefore, according to the research findings, it can be said; Institutions provide the conditions for free psychological interventions, including acceptance and commitment treatment, along with appropriate economic, educational, and cultural support for these families so that Unattended women can have a positive assessment of their social status and have favorable conditions.