---

Normal 0 false false false EN-US X-NONE AR-SA MicrosoftInternetExplorer4 Aim and Background: Posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD) is one of the anxiety disorders that traumatic events posed as a causal factor for it. Because emergency nurses and fire fighter workers were exposed to traumatic events more than other people. Then the present research was conducted in other to determine prevalence rate of posttraumatic stress disorder in emergency hospital nurses and fire department workers in the uremia city. Method and Materials: This research was conducted by cross–sectional method with 100 emergency nurses and 100 fire fighter workers who were selected randomly. Each of samples was tested individually by Mississippi posttraumatic stress disorder scale at the occupational place. Collected data were analyzed by SPSS 15 with descriptive statistic and multiple regression test. Findings: The result showed that 14 percent of hospital emergency nurses and 8 percent of fire department workers diagnosed with posttraumatic stress disorder. From demographic variables, age negatively predicted disorder prevalence, namely disorder prevalence decreased with increased in age. Also marriage situation related to disorder prevalence. In this research, there were not significantly relationship between Gender and educational level and posttraumatic stress disorder prevalence. Conclusions: Results revealed that emergency nurses and fire department workers are being at risk of posttraumatic stress disorder. This problem suggests the necessity of coping skills training for this people.

---

Aim and Background: Some of Obsessive-Compulsive Disorder (OCD) patients believe that their unpleasant thoughts can influence the external events. The aim of this study was to investigate the correlation between the contents of thought-action fusion and obsessive-compulsive symptoms in patients with OCD. Methods and Materials: In this cross-sectional correlative study 60 OCD patients selected by available sampling method. Maudsley Obsessive-Compulsive Inventory (MOCI) and revised Thought-Action Fusion questionnaire (TAF-R) were administered. Collected data were analyzed using Pearson correlation and multiple regression analysis methods. Findings: There was positive and significant association between obsessive-compulsive symptoms and TAF-R subscales (P < 0.05). The result of stepwise regression indicate that, valence of negative events was strongest predictor of washing, likelihood of negative events was strongest predictor of checking, responsibility of positive events was strongest predictor of doubt, and likelihood-self was strongest predictor of obsessional thoughts. Conclusions: The results indicated positive and significant correlation between the TAF and OCD symptoms. Thus, it seems that occurrence of cognitive bias such as TAF increases the individual&rsquo;s vulnerability to OCD.

---

Background and Aims: The current study was conducted in order to determine the prevalence rate of exposure to traumatic events and some of their related factors in male high school students in Urmia, Iran. Methods and Materials: This descriptive cross-sectional study included 946 male freshmen, junior and senior high school students in Urmia during 2010-2011 school year. The subjects were selected through multistage cluster random sampling. The participants responded to a demographic questionnaire and the Traumatic Events Screening Inventory for Children in their schools and in group. Collected data was analyzed in SPSS 18 by descriptive statistic, t-test, chi-square and Kolmogorov-Smirnov tests.&nbsp; Results: The results showed that 72.2% of participants had been exposed to at least one traumatic event. Watching violence on television, death of a close person, and severe illness of a close individual were the most prevalent events. The results of t-test showed that the prevalence of some events was increased with aging. The Kolmogorov-Smirnov test revealed that some events were more prevalent in the low socioeconomic status. The chi-square test showed that there were correlations between educational field and the prevalence of some events. Conclusion: According to the susceptibility of adolescents, the high prevalence of traumatic events can be accounted as one of major health problems among this group of people.&nbsp;

---

Abstract Aim and Background: The breast cancer is the most common cancer in Iranian women and low quality of sleep is one of the most common complications experienced by patients with cancer. The purpose of this study was to compare the effectiveness of progressive muscle relaxation and music therapy methods on sleep quality of breast cancer patients. Methods and Materials: Research method of this study was experimental and its&rsquo; design was pre-test and post-test on multi groups. The population of this study were the total number of females who suffer from breast cancer and were introduced themselves to Shafaparto Clinic in Ardabil province in order to radiotherapy from 2011 September until 2012 April. The samples were selected using accessible sampling, and the Pittsburg Sleep Quality Index (PSQI) was used for data collection. The data were analyzed by chi square and analyses of covariance (ANCOVA). Findings: Results showed that both treatment methods were effective in promotion of sleep quality in cancer patients (p<0.05). However, there was no significant difference between the effectiveness of these two treatment methods on all quality sleep components (p<0.05), with the exception of sleep disturbance component (p>0.05). Conclusions: It is advised that the therapists used the progressive muscles relaxation and music therapy techniques, along with the routine interventions, in order to promote sleep quality in cancer patients.

---

Abstract Aim and Background: The aim of this study was efficacy of the Cognitive and Aversion therapy on the treatment Symptoms of obsessive-compulsive disorder. Methods and Materials: This study is experimental expanded with multiple group pre-test, post-test.  The statistical population of this study are included all patients with OCD, Referred to clinical centers, hospitals and private clinics and counseling centers in Saghez and Boukan city with age range 40-20 years. The statistical sample of this study is included 45 patients with Obsessive Compulsive Disorder, Who were simple randomly selected. Cognitive therapy was administered for the first experimental group and the second experimental group aversion therapy and the control group received no treatment. For data gathering was used the questionnaire subscales Madsly for OCD. For data analysis, was used test multivariate analysis of covariance (MANCOVA) in the experimental and control groups that used of spss software vers. Findings: showed that cognitive and aversion therapy then the control group has a significant impact on the improvement of obsession, check out, washing, slowness and obsessive doubts. in 21. Conclusions The results showed that Whittal cognitive therapy compared with Aversion therapy more impact on the reduction of obsessions.  

---

Aim and Background: The purpose of this study was to examine the effectiveness of mindfulness-based applied relaxation training on temperament and character dimensions of women with generalized anxiety disorder (GAD). Methods and Materials: This experimental study was performed with a pretest-posttest design and a control group. The subjects were 40 women with GAD and they were randomly placed in experimental and control groups. The participants of both groups responded to the Generalized Anxiety Disorders Questionnaire 4 th Edition (GAD-Q-IV), 7-Item Generalized Anxiety Disorder (GAD-7) questionnaire, and Temperament and Character Inventory (TCI) before the intervention, and after and 3 months after the intervention. The experimental group received 16 sessions of training. Data were analyzed using repeated measures ANOVA. Findings: The results showed significance differences between the two groups in the pretest, posttest, and follow-up scores of harm avoidance (F = 7.14, P < 0.050) and self-directiveness (F = 26.92, P < 0.001). However, there were no significant differences in pretest, posttest, and follow-up scores of novelty seeking, reward dependence, persistence, cooperativeness, and self-transcendence between the groups. Conclusions: The results showed that mindfulness-based applied relaxation training was associated with increased self-directiveness, and decreased harm avoidance after psychotherapy in post-test and follow-up phase. Therefore, mindfulness-based applied relaxation training is effective in reducing symptoms of GAD and changing temperament and character dimensions.

---

Aim and Background: The aim of the present study was to compare the efficacy of acceptance and commitment therapy (ACT) with exposure and response prevention (ERP) therapy in reducing the obsessions and compulsions of patients with obsessive-compulsive disorder (OCD). Methods and Materials: The present experimental study was conducted with a pretest-posttest design and a control group. The statistical population included all patients with OCD who were older than 18 years of age and referred to private counseling centers and urban and rural health centers in Rasht Province, Iran, in 2014. The statistical sample consisted of 45 patients with OCD selected from among those who referred to these centers. The subjects were randomly divided into experimental (ACT and ERP groups) and control groups. The experimental groups received 8 treatment sessions lasting 45 minutes. In order to assess the severity of obsession and compulsion, the Yale-Brown Obsessive Compulsive Scale (Y-BOCS) was utilized. Findings: There were significant differences among the three groups in terms of post-test scores of obsession and compulsion (P ≤ 0.010). The results of Tukey&#039;s test showed that the mean ACT and ERP scores of both experimental groups were significantly lower than that of the control group (P ≤ 0.050). Conclusions: According to the results of this study, ACT causes a greater reduction in the severity of obsessions and compulsion. Thus, mental health experts can use ACT as a therapeutic option.

---

Aim and Background: In the past, obsessive-compulsive disorder was considered chronic and ineffective, but today it has changed significantly due to findings that support the effectiveness of cognitive-behavioral therapy. The purpose of this study was the Comparing Efficacy of Inference-Based Therapy, neurofeedback training and combine the two methods in treatment of patients with obsessive-compulsive disorder.

Methods and Materials: This study was a survey and multi-group pre-test and post-test semi experimental design. In this study, 2550 subjects were selected by cluster sampling method from among teachers of Meshkinshahr city and1916 subjects completing the Yale-Brown obsessive-compulsive scale (YBOCS) and diagnostic interview, and in the second stage, 66 out of 153 subjects who had a higher score from the point of incision 20 in the obsessive-compulsory questionnaire, after the diagnostic interview, were randomly assigned to a control group and three experimental groups, and eventually The collected data were analyzed by using MANOVA with SPSS 18 software.

Findings: The results of the comparison of experimental and control groups showed that the severity of obsessive-compulsive disorder and its subscales (check, wash, repetition, and doubt) in the experimental groups significantly decreased compared to the control group. In general, the effectiveness of the three methods Therapy on the obsessive-compulsive variable and its subscales are confirmed in the post-test phase. The effect of this effect is between 35.3 to 79.6% and the difference in the post-test scores through three treatment groups. The results obtained from the paired comparisons According to the Bonferroni test, show that combination therapy of of Inference-Based Therapy and neurofeedback education in decrease the severity of obsessive-compulsive disorder is more effective than Inference-Based Therapy and it is more effective than neurofeedback education.

Conclusions: In this study, the combination treatment of Inference-Based Therapy and neurofeedback education in decrease the severity of obsessive-compulsive disorder is more effective than Inference-Based Therapy and it is more effective than neurofeedback education.

---

Aim and Background: Overweight and obesity is one of the health problems of developing and developed countries and is increasing at an alarming rate throughout the world, especially in children and adolescents. The aim of this study was to investigate the effect of emotion regulation training along with diet on psychological flexibility and self-regulatory behavior of overweight adolescents.
Methods and Materials: This research was a quasi-experimental study that was a practical and semi-experimental design of pre-test, post-test and follow-up with a control and experimental group. The statistical population of the present study included all female adolescents of the first secondary school of Tonekabon city in the academic year of 1998-99, whose number was 286. Research sample 30 students were selected by multi-stage cluster sampling method and randomly assigned to the experimental and control groups (15 experimental, 15 control). For data collection, Brown et al. (1991) Self-Regulation Scale, Bond et al. (2011) Acceptance and Practice Questionnaire (Mental Flexibility), and Body Mass Index (BMI) were used before and after the training. Emotion regulation training was performed as a group on the experimental group and during this period the members of the control group did not receive any intervention. Research data were analyzed by multivariate analysis of covariance and Bonferren post hoc test in SPSS24.
Findings: It showed that emotion regulation training along with diet was effective on psychological flexibility and self-regulatory behavior of overweight adolescents.
Conclusions: According to the obtained results, emotion regulation training along with diet has an effect on increasing mental flexibility and improving the self-regulatory behavior of overweight adolescents.

---

Aim and Background: Obesity has spread among societies and most countries and has become a general and global issue. The present study was conducted with the aim of the effectiveness of a combined weight loss program on cravings and anthropometric indicators in obese women.                                                                                     
Methods and Materials: The current research was semi-experimental with a pre-test design the test boy was with the control group. The statistical population included all obese women who referred to the nutrition clinic of Ardabil city in 1402. Considering that at least 15 samples are considered in experimental research, as a result, 45 obese women (15 people in the treatment situation with integrated weight loss program and 15 people in the situation without treatment) were randomly selected and placed in the group. Each of the experimental group was treated separately daily for 50 minutes and with 14 sessions, and the control group did not receive treatment. The members of each group were evaluated using the Cepeda-Benito craving questionnaire and anthropometric indices in the pre-test and post-test stages, and multivariate analysis of variance was used to analyze the data.
Findings: Based on the obtained results, the integrated weight loss program had a positive and significant effect on food cravings, Body Mass Index and WHtR index (P<0.001), so that the scores of the subjects of the experimental group decreased significantly in the post-test of these variables, but on WHR and AVI had no significant effect (P<0.05).
Conclusions: Based on the results of this study, it seems that the integrated weight loss program method can be used in weight loss and lifestyle change programs and improving community health.