Aim and Background: Efficacy of Mindfulness Based Cognitive Therapy and Traditional Cognitive Behavior Therapy in reduction of over generality in autobiographical memory test of patients with Major Depressive Disorder in 2007 is considered in this study. Method and Materials: This clinical-experimental study was carried out on 90 patients randomly selected from 160 cases refering to Tehran University Consulting Centers, Shahed University and Saba Rehabilitation Clinic and met DSM-IV criteria for Major Depressive Disorder. They were divided into 3 equal groups including CBT (Cognitive Behavior Therapy), MBCT (Mindfulness Based Cognitive Therapy)] with CBT, and TAU (Treatment As Usual). The first and second groups received psychological treatment while the third ones received medications. They were between 18 and 45 years old with two depression episodes and evaluated through the Structured Clinical Interview for DSM- IV (SCID) and self–report by Beck Depression Inventory II (BDI-II), in two pre and post tests. Data were analyzed by Co-variance analysis. Findings: MBCT with CBT group have significantly increased specific and categorical memory and combined and CBT groups decreased depression symptoms. Conclusions: Elements from MBCT and CBT in comparison to CBT made was more effective in Autobiographical memory test specifity.
Aim and Background: Substance use disorder (SUD) is one of main issues in the field of mental health and can have negative consequences for patients as well as their families and the society in which they live. The purpose of this study was the investigation of the effectiveness of cognitive behavioral therapy (CBT) and methadone treatment on quality of life (QOL), cravings management, and psychological distress in individuals abstaining from drugs. Methods and Materials: This research was implemented using the multiple baseline experimental design within the framework of a single-subject research. Based on the study inclusion criteria, 4 patients were selected using convenience sampling and assigned to the CBT and methadone treatment groups. Individuals in the methadone treatment group received their medication in accordance to the prescription of a physician and those in the CBT group underwent 12 sessions of CBT for addiction. All participants completed the quality of life questionnaire, craving beliefs questionnaire, Beck Depression Inventory (BDI), and Beck Anxiety Inventory (BAI) at certain intervals. Findings: Given the visual inspection of charts, effect size, indicators of improvement, and reduction in scores, CBT was more effective than methadone treatment in increasing QOL (effects size of -0.9 versus -0.62) and reducing depression symptoms (effect size of 0.92 versus 0.78). However, both treatment methods were equally effective in reducing craving (effect size of 0.84 versus 0.74) and anxiety symptoms (effect size of 0.86 versus 0.87). Conclusions: It can be concluded that CBT can decrease psychological distress and cravings and improve QOL through thinking structure modification.
