---

Abstract Aim and Background: The key purpose of the study was to investigation the relationship of job burnout and some of job variables like type and level of responsibility, service and mangement experiences. Method and Materials: This descriptive study was conducted on 245 managers and vice-chancellors randomly selected by the cluster-sampling technique. They were assessed by Job Burnout Questionnaire. Data were analyzed by t and analysis of variance tests. Findings: There was a relationship between job burnout (emotional exhaustion, depersonalization and lack of personal accomplishment dimensions) and the type and level of responsibility, service and management experiences. Conclusions: This research indicated that type and level of responsibility of managers has an important role in managers’ job burnout.

---

Aim and Background: In recent years, simultaneously with the high incidence of psychological disorders, the worry about children’s mental health and its influence on their growth and functions has been increased. Children’s behavioral disorder plays an important role in this regard. Oppositional Defiant Disorder (ODD) is known as the third prevalent childhood disorder. Since the management of destructive outcomes of ODD disorder can be considered as both treatment and prevention, specialists have placed particular emphasis on the assessment, diagnosis, and early treatment of this psychological disorder. The goal of the present study was to investigate and identify the moderating factors of ODD in children.
Methods and Materials: Research data was collected and analyzed through qualitative approach and grounded theory. The study population included all the parents of ODD children (aging 6-12) of pre and primary schools of Isfahan in the year of 2019. In pursuit of this goal, 12 parents meeting the criteria to enter the research were chosen according to the targeted convenience sampling with two questionnaires of Child Symptom Inventory, parent-form (Gadow and Sprafkin, 1994) and General Health Questionnaire (Goldberg, 1972). Data analysis was conducted using Strauss & Corbin (1986).
Findings: The obtained findings were as follows: 73 primary codes through open coding, 5 subcategories through axial coding based on subject similarity, and finally 2 categories of parenting and non-parenting factors through selective coding.
Conclusions: A set of parenting and non-parenting factors plays a crucial role in moderating and managing children’s oppositional behaviors.