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Aim and Background: Education has devoted a great amount of the budget of every country to itself. It is necessary to provide an appropriate organizational climate and calm and stress less environment in educational section to improve the organizational effectiveness of personnel, which will finally lead to the their creativity. The purpose of this study was to investigate the relationship between organizational climate and occupational stress and creativity of the administrative personnel of the educational office of west Azerbaijan province. Methods and Materials: This descriptive-analytical research was assessed by correlative method, during 2009-2010 academic years. The statistical population was all the administrative personnel of educational office in West Azerbaijan province which was about 1569 persons (1469 males, 80 females). The studied group included 479 (409 males, 69 females) which has been selected by multistage cluster sampling method, through different stages. The research tools were Halpin and Croft organizational climate description questionnaire (OCDQ), Rice&#039;s Job Stress test and Abedi&rsquo;s Pencil&ndash;Paper Test of Creativity. The data for both descriptive and analytical level was analyzed using the two sample independent t-test and multivariate regression test Findings: The results of multivariate regression showed that the effect of organizational climate in general on occupational stress and employee&rsquo;s creativity was significant (P < 0.01). It was significant in men (P < 0.01) and women (P < 0.05) too. The difference between organizational climate and gender was significant (P < 0.01). But, it was not significant between creativity and stress, and gender (P > 0.05). Conclusions: In the open environment some parameters such as intimacy, consideration influence, dynamism and morale can be the causes of creativity and decrease in their stress. In closed environments elements such as separation, lack of interest and commitment to their jobs, emphasis on productivity, interference and motivation reduce creativity in the personnel and increase their stress.

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Aim and Background: The aim of this study was to determine the statistical correlation between personality characteristics and spiritual intelligence in a group of students of Isfahan University, Isfahan, Iran. Methods and Materials: This descriptive-analytic study was conducted in 2010-2011. A total number of 284 (130 males and 154 females) undergraduate, postgraduate and PhD students of Isfahan University were selected by cluster random sampling method. The participants were evaluated using NEO Personality Inventory and a spiritual intelligence scale. Data was analyzed through descriptive statistics, correlation coefficients and regression analysis. Findings: Among the five personality factors, neuroticism had a negative correlation with spiritual intelligence (P < 0.001). In contrast, spiritual intelligence was positively correlated with extraversion, agreeableness, and conscientiousness (P < 0.001). Multiple correlations were also found between the three mentioned factors and spiritual intelligence (F = 16.63). . Conclusions: This study indicated the role of personality characteristics in spiritual intelligence. Among the five personality factors, extraversion, agreeableness and above all conscientiousness were predictors of spiritual intelligence. Therefore, personality characteristics need to be evaluated as predictors of spiritual intelligence.

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Abstract Aim and Background: According to role of cognitive - emotion regulation in control of positive and negative emotions, the purpose of this study was to determine the relationship between cognitive- emotion regulation and anxiety disorders in child and adolescent. Methods and Materials:The method of this study was applied.240 participants of child and adolescent (154 male and 83 female) were selected randomly and the instruments (the revised version of Screen for Child Anxiety Related Emotional Disorders-71 and Cognitive emotion regulation questionnaire) this study was administered on them.The sampling of this study was to multi-cluster sampling. Data analysis of this study was to correlation and multiple regressions. Findings: The results showed that there were significant correlations between most of the Cognitive emotion regulation components and anxiety disorders. Also, the findings of analysis of multi-regression (stepwise method) showed that catastrophic and rumination explained 16 percent of variance of total score of anxiety disorders in child and adolescent. Conclusions: It can be concluded there is correlation between of cognitive-emotion regulation strategies and anxiety disorders. Andsomeof the cognitive emotion regulationstrategies can be involved in anxiety disorders.

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Aim and Background: Stress resulting from treatment in patients undergoing hemodialysis will cause psychological problems. Maladaptive schemas are important in the development of psychological problems and the effectiveness of acceptance and commitment therapy (ACT) on them has been approved. The aim of this study was to examine the effects of ACT on modification of early maladaptive schemas in patients undergoing hemodialysis in Isfahan, Iran, in 2015. Methods and Materials: This clinical trial was conducted with a control group. For the purpose of this study, 30 patients undergoing hemodialysis in Zahra Hospital in Isfahan were selected through convenience sampling and divided into control and experimental groups. The two groups were matched in terms of sex, education, and marital status. The data collection tool was the Young Schema Questionnaire-Short Form (YSQ-SF). A pretest was performed before the intervention, and posttest was conducted after 10 sessions (2 hours) of ACT. Findings: Repeated measures ANOVA showed that after the initial implementation of ACT sessions, a significant difference was observed in the experimental group in terms of maladaptive schemas. It was found that ACT was affective on the modification of early maladaptive schemas (disconnection and rejection, impaired autonomy and performance, impaired limits, other-directedness, overvigilance and inhibition) in patients undergoing hemodialysis (P < 0.001). Conclusions: The findings indicate that ACT can be used to reduce early maladaptive schemas, and thus, psychological problems in patients undergoing hemodialysis.

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Aim and Background: The pain caused by joint damage and the unpredictable period of hemophilic disease causes problems in various aspects of the life of patients, including self-esteem and life satisfaction. Therefore, the aim of this study was investigate the effect of educational package based on job success on self-esteem and life satisfaction in hemophilic patients.

Methods and Materials: This is a semi-experimental study with pre-test and post-test design with control group and follow-up period. In order to carry out the research, from 600 hemophiliac patients in Isfahan city in 2017, 40 patients were selected based on criteria of entry and exit and assigned them randomly in two groups of experimental and control group. Two questionnaires of State Self-Esteem Scale (SSES) and Satisfaction With Life Scale (SWLS) were used to measure the variables of the research in the pretest, post-test and follow-up phases. The experimental group received 11 sessions of 2 hours under the educational package based on job success for hemophilic patients and the control group did not receive any training. Finally, the number of samples was reduced to two groups of 16 people, considering the drop and the criteria for leaving the study. The data were analyzed with the use of repeated measure ANOVA.

Findings: The results showed that there is a significant difference between the experimental and control groups in self-esteem and life satisfaction in the post-test and follow-up evaluation (p<0.05).

Conclusions: It is possible to use a training package to improve occupational success in order to improve self-esteem and life satisfaction in hemophilic patients.

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Aim and Background: Many women begin their marital life with high intimate relationships, but with time, these intimate relationships are becoming less and more difficult, and it is just when then couple burnout has begun. The purpose of this study was to comparison of the effectiveness of mindfulness education and Emotional Focused Therapy (EFT) on couple intimacy, commitment and happiness women with couple burnout. Methods and Materials: The semi-experimental study was performed as pretest-posttest with a control group. The population included all women with couple burnout who was referred to the charity of association Baghiyato Allah Al-Azam Khomeini City in 2018. From this population 36 people were selected by available sampling method and were randomly assigned to three group mindfulness (12 person), EFT (12 person) and control (12 person). Both experimental groups received eight 90 minute training sessions. The study instrument was Couple Intimacy Questionnaire (CIQ), Couple Commitment Questionnaire (CCQ), Marital Happiness Scale (MHS) and Couple Burnout Measure (CBM). Data was analyzed by SPSS software using Multivariate Covariance Analysis (MANCOVA) and One way Covariance Analysis (ANCOVA). Findings: The finding showed that a significant difference between the experimental and control groups in intimacy (p=.001, F=37.94), commitment (p=.001, F=30.77) and couple happiness (p=.001, F=58.29) in the post- test phase. Also there was no significant difference between the effectiveness of mindfulness and EFT on intimacy, commitment and intimacy happiness (p>.05). Conclusions: According to the finding of research it can be concluded that the mindfulness and EFT can increase the level of intimacy, commitment and couple happiness. Therefore, it is recommended that counselors and therapists use these two approaches as an effective treatment for enhancing intimacy, commitment and couple happiness.

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Aim and Background: High levels of sexual risk behaviors in young adults constitute a major public health concern and understanding the transition to risky behaviors during emerging adulthood is a challenge for researchers. The present research was aimed to investigate the mediating role of the cognitive emotion regulation strategies in relationship between attachment styles with high-risky sexual behaviors in students of Islamic Azad University of Shiraz.

Methods and Materials: In this correlation and descriptive study with structural equation modeling approach, among all students of Islamic Azad University of Shiraz in the academic year of 2018-2019, 747 students were selected by random cluster sampling method. Data were collected by Risky Sexual Behaviors Questionnaire (RSBQ), Cognitive Emotion Regulation Qquestionnaire (CERQ) and Attachment Style Questionnaire (ASQ) and then, were analyzed by SPSS and Lisrel software and using structural equation modeling.

Findings: The results showed that the relationship between attachment style and risky sexual behaviors questionnaire is mediated by cognitive emotion regulation strategies. The rate of fit indices of GFI was equal to 0.95, CFI was equal to 0.98, NFI was equal to 0.97, IFI was equal to 0.98, NNFI was equal to 0.98, AGFI was equal to 0.93, RFI was equal to 0.97 and RMSEA was equal to 0.061, all of which indicated the fitting of the proposed model with the data. The findings also showed that 50% of the variance observed in high-risk sexual behaviors can be explained by combining attachment styles variables, positive emotion regulation strategies, and negative emotion regulation strategies.

Conclusions: The findings of study supported the proposed conceptual model in which the relationship between childhood trauma and fear of happiness was mediated through positive and negative cognitive emotion regulation strategies. So considering the role of these predictors and the mediators by professionals, therapists and planners appears to be necessary in work with students and specifically in counseling and treatment centers.

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Aim and Background: Recognizing and examining the factors that contribute to the consolidation of marriage and the social institution of the family can be a useful step towards promoting the culture of society. Therefore, the purpose of this study was to investigate the model of marital commitment based on attachment styles mediated by self-differentiation.

Methods and Materials: In a correlational study, among the married students of Islamic Azad University, Science and Research Branch of Tehran in 2017, using the available sampling method, 400 persons (200 women) were selected. They participated in the study, completed the Revised Adult Attachment Scale (RAAS), Differentiation of Self Inventory-Revised (DSIR), and Marital Commitment Questionnaire (MCQ). Data were analyzed through multiple regression in two stages in a, and b paths and c path.

Findings: Results showed that safe and anxiety attachment styles significantly explain the variance of self-differentiation. Also, safe and anxiety attachment styles significantly explain the variance of marital commitment. Finally, self-differentiation can significantly explain the variance of marital commitment. The results show that self-differentiation has mediator role in relationship between safe and anxiety attachment styles with marital commitment.

Conclusion: The results showed that since marriage and marital relationship are one of the important decisions in adulthood, focusing on attachment styles in adults can be supplemented with pre-marital education on marital commitment and continuity of relationships in couples.

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Aim and Background: Adolescence is an important period of development in which individuals can acquire the skills, attitudes, and abilities they need in adulthood. It seems that one of the factors that can be effective in dealing with adolescent issues is emotional intelligence. This study aims to investigate the effectiveness of Choice Theory training on emotional intelligence in adolescent girls.
Methods and Materials: This is a quasi-experimental study with pretest-posttest control group design. The statistical population consists of thirteen-to-eighteen-year-old adolescent girls in the city of Isfahan. The sample consisted of 32 adolescent girls who were selected by multistage cluster sampling and were randomly and equally assigned to control and experimental groups. The experimental group received Choice Theory training in eight ninety-minute sessions. The control group was placed on the wait list. The Emotional Quotient Inventory test was used for data collection purposes and the data were analyzed using the covariance analysis test.
Findings: Results showed that Choice Theory training significantly affected Emotional Intelligence and its components (adaptability, intrapersonal, interpersonal, and general mood) (p<.05). However, it was not significantly effective on stress management.
Conclusions: According to the findings, it seems that Choice Theory training can be used to increase the emotional intelligence of adolescent girls in schools. Theoretical and practical implementations will be discussed in this research.

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Aim and Background: Affective-sexual needs are as important motivational forces that have a vital role in the stability and enhancing of quality of marital life. Then the main goal of the current research was the comparison of the effectiveness of cognitive-behavioral couple therapy (CBCT) and acceptance commitment therapy (ACT) approaches on enhancing affective-sexual needs among Nonclinical Couples in Bandar Abbas city, Iran.
Methods and Materials: The research design was semi-experimental design with pretest, posttest, and follow up. The statistical population of this study includes of nonclinical couples that participated in the training course about life skills and cyberspace. 48 subjects were selected through a convenient sampling method and randomly assigned to two groups of interventions, CBCT and ACT, and one control group. Each couple in intervention groups received 12 sessions and 90 minutes of therapy. Affective-Sexual Needs of Iranian Couples scale (2020) used for gathering data and analysis of variance with repeated measures tests used for analyzing data by using SPSS 19 software.
Findings: The result showed that both CBCT and ACT interventions were effective to enhance affective-sexual couple's needs. Moreover, comparing the effectiveness of CBCT and ACT approaches showed that the ACT approach was more effective in enhancing of three dimensions of affective-sexual couple's needs include avoiding discouraging behaviors, affection-sexual needs, physical-sexual needs.
Conclusions: It seems the implementation of CBCT and ACT interventions are useful for enhancing affective-sexual couple's needs. This could influence other dimensions of marital life such as marital satisfaction and marital quality.

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Aim and Background: Rheumatoid arthritis is the most common inflammatory rheumatic disease. In most communities, its prevalence is approximately 3%. Anxiety has been reported as one of the most common displeasing psychological experiences in rheumatoid arthritis patients. The aim of this study was to evaluate the effectiveness of intensive short-term dynamic psychotherapy (ISTDP) on reducing anxiety in rheumatoid patients.
Methods and Materials: This study was a quasi-experimental study with pre-test and post-test design along with a control group. The statistical population of the study included patients with rheumatoid arthritis who had visited rheumatology clinics in Kerman during the research. We purposefully selected 40 males and females patients with rheumatoid arthritis as a statistical sample‌‌‌‌‌‌‌‌‌‌‌. Then the members of the sample group were randomly divided into two 20-memebr parts as experimental and control groups. For the experimental group, 15 one-and-a-half-hour sessions of intensive short-term dynamic psychotherapy was performed once a week and individually. Research data was analyzed using analysis of covariance and SPSS 19 software.
Findings: After reviewing the pre-test scores between the experimental and control groups, the results of the study indicated that intensive short-term dynamic psychotherapy is effective in reducing anxiety scores in rheumatoid patients (p<0.05).
Conclusions: The use of psychodynamic concepts and techniques in understanding anxiety disorders, seems to be very important. Intensive short-term dynamic psychotherapy considerably helps to reduce anxiety as well as clinical symptoms in rheumatoid patients by affecting the discharge path of anxiety and careful control and moment-by-moment monitoring of anxiety, emotions, and defenses.

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Aim and Background: Attention Deficit / Hyperactivity Disorder causes significant impairment in social, educational, occupational and motor abilities. The aim of this study was to evaluate the effectiveness of motor skills training on executive functions in children with attention deficit / hyperactivity disorder.
Methods and Materials: The present study was a quasi-experimental study with a pretest and posttest design with a control group. The statistical population of this study included all male sixth grade elementary school students in Kerman in the academic year 2009-2010; The study sample consisted of 30 people who were selected by available sampling method and were randomly divided into two experimental groups (15 people) and control (15 people). Subjects in two stages of pre-test and post-test were Swanson and Nolan Pelham (1980) Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder Questionnaires, Wechsler IQ (2002) Numerical Memory and Similarities Subcommittee, and Andrehori Complex Imaging Test. (1942) responded. The experimental group received motor skills training as a group during 18 sessions of 45 minutes, while the control group did not receive any training. Data were analyzed using descriptive statistics and univariate and multivariate analysis of covariance and SPSS software version 25.
Findings: The results of comparison of the experimental group with the control group showed that the executive functions of working memory and programming-organizing of the experimental group were significantly increased compared to the control group. And the effectiveness of motor skills training on executive functions in the post-test neighborhood was confirmed (p <0.01). The magnitude of this effect on the executive function of working memory was 0.64 and planning-organizing was 0.69(p <.01).
Conclusions: In general, the results showed the effect of motor skills training on executive functions in children with attention deficit/hyperactivity disorder. And this method can be used to treat these children.

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Aim and Background: Rheumatoid arthritis is associated with an increased risk of various types of psychological afflictions. Indication of these disorders is added to the erosive factors of chronic disease and has many negative effects on the level of adaptation and mental and social health of these people. This study aimed to evaluate the effectiveness of intensive short-term dynamic psychotherapy (ISTDP) on reducing alexithymia in rheumatoid patients.
Methods and Materials: The present research was a quasi-experimental study with pre-test, post-test design as well as control group. In order to select the sample, first of all, based on the criteria of the American Rheumatology Association and the inclusion and exclusion criteria, 40 male and female patients were purposefully selected from specialized rheumatology clinics in Kerman. This selection was made by rheumatologists. The members of the sample group were randomly divided into two 20-memeber groups of experimental and control. For the experimental group, 15 one-and-a-half-hour sessions of intensive short-term dynamic psychotherapy were held. Data were collected through Toronto Alexithymia Scale (TAS). Research data were analyzed using Analysis of covariance.
Findings: The findings showed that intensive short-term dynamic psychotherapy is effective in reducing the rate of alexithymia in rheumatoid patients (p <0.05).
Conclusions: Patients first performed better in recognizing emotions and then improved their ability to describe emotions and physical symptoms. Intensive short-term dynamic psychotherapy by affecting on anxiety discharge pathway and exact control and moment-by-moment monitoring of anxiety, feelings and defenses helps to reduce clinical symptoms in rheumatoid patients.

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Aim and Background: Research has shown that parental empowerment in relation to children and their problems can be effective; therefore, the purpose of this study was the effectiveness of parental empowerment program for families with adopted children on the variables of parenting stress and parent-child relationship.
Methods and Materials: The statistical population included parents with adopted children in Tehran in 2020. Thirty parents were selected as the sample group by available sampling method and were randomly assigned to the experimental and control groups. Using a pre-test-post-test pilot design with the control group, parents first completed the parenting stress and parent-child relationship questionnaires and then performed the parental empowerment test application in 8 sessions on the experimental group and after the post-test sessions for both groups were presented. Multivariate analysis of covariance (MANCOVA) was used to analyze the data using SPSSV19 software.
Findings: The results showed that the parental empowerment program was effective on parenting stresses (p <0.004) and parent-child relationship (p= 0.008) and made a significant difference between the experimental and control groups.
Conclusions: Based on the results of this study, it can be said that the parent empowerment training program with adopted children is effective on parenting tensions and parent-child relationship and therefore the knowledge of counselors, family, psychology and other experts in this study can be helpful.  

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Aim and Background: The prevalence of coronavirus, the unknown and cognitive ambiguities of this virus and the resulting mortality rate, cause high anxiety in individual. The aim of this study was to provide a model of coronary anxiety based on locus of control, emotion regulation strategies, perceived social support and disease anxiety with emphasis on the mediating role of cognitive-behavioral avoidance in students.
Methods and Materials: The present study is of descriptive-correlation and structural equation modeling. The research population were Isfahan university students in the spring of 1400. From the population, according to Cochran's formula, 250 people were selected by available sampling and Rotter's Internal-External Locus of Control Scale (1966), Emotion Regulation Questionnaire (2004), Health Anxiety Questionnaire (2002), Perceived Social Support Questionnaire (1988), Avoidance Inventory (1994) and the Coronavirus Anxiety Scale (2019) were delivered to them virtually. Statistical analysis was performed by covariance-based structural equation modeling using Amos software.
Findings: The results showed that there is a direct relationship between the locus of control and disease anxiety with corona anxiety in students and these two variables explain 64% of the variance of corona anxiety in students (p<.05). also the results showed that cognitive-behavioral avoidance does not play a mediating role in these relationships.
Conclusions: Based on the results, it is necessary to take measures to reduce the locus of control and reduce disease anxiety in order to reduce corona anxiety in students.

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Aim and Background: The aim of the present study was to investigate the neuropsychological functions of patients with obsessive-compulsive disorder of hoarding and Obsessional Slowness.
 Methods and Materials:  The current research was based on the nature and purpose of applied research and in terms of the research method, it was cross-sectional analytical. The statistical population of this research included all patients with obsessive-compulsive disorder, obsessive-compulsive type, hoarding type, and obsessive-compulsive disorder in Urmia city between April and December 1401. The statistical sample of the research includes 30 patients with hoarding obsessive-compulsive disorder and obsessive-compulsive disorder (15 people for each group of patients) referring to psychiatric and psychological treatment centers in Urmia city and 15 healthy people without diagnosis of the disorder. Obsessive-compulsive disorder was in the period from April to December 1401, which was selected by the available sampling method. The participants were matched in terms of age, gender, education, marital status and intelligence range. Subjects were evaluated using the revised Obsessive Compulsive Questionnaire, Maudsley Obsessive-Compulsive Questionnaire, Wisconsin Test, Go/No Go Test, Barrett's Balloon Risk Test, and Tower of London Test.  
 Findings: The results of multivariate analysis of variance showed that people with Hoarding Obsessive Compulsive Disorder and Obsessional Slowness have significant differences in neuropsychological evaluations in terms of response inhibition, cognitive flexibility, planning and problem solving with the healthy group.
Conclusion: These results indicate a deficiency in response inhibition, cognitive flexibility and problem solving in these patients. While the pattern of neuropsychological disorders in these two disorders is different

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Aim and Background: Weight-based rejection sensitivity is a significant psychological factor in individuals with overweight and obesity, which can have considerable negative impacts on their mental and physical health. this study aimed to examine the factor structure and psychometric properties of the Persian version of the Weight-Based Rejection Sensitivity Scale (W-RS) in overweight and obese individuals.
Methods and Materials: The research followed a descriptive validation design. The study population included overweight and obese individuals, from which 372 participants with a body mass index over 25 were selected using convenience sampling. Participants completed the Weight-Based Rejection Sensitivity questionnaire. The scale's factor structure was assessed through exploratory factor analysis and confirmatory factor analysis, while test-retest reliability, internal consistency, and convergent validity were also evaluated. Data analysis was performed using SPSS version 26 and AMOS version 24 softwares.
Findings: The exploratory factor analysis results indicated that the scale consists of two factors: "Interpersonal Sensitivity" and "Situational Sensitivity." The confirmatory factor analysis supported the two-factor structure identified. The test-retest reliability coefficients for the subscales and the overall scale ranged from 0.85 to 0.91 Additionally, Cronbach's alpha coefficients were between 0.92 and 0.95, indicating strong internal consistency. A composite reliability above 0.7 and an average variance extracted above 0.5 further confirmed the scale's convergent validity.
Conclusions: The confirmatory factor analysis fit indices indicated that the two-factor model of the Weight-Based Rejection Sensitivity Scale showed a good fit with the data. Thus, the scale is a valid and reliable tool for assessing anxious expectations of rejection in overweight and obese individuals

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Aim and Background: Research has increasingly shown a relation between childhood maltreatment and the dysregulated behaviors observed in individuals, yet the mediating factors in this relationship have received little attention. Thus, the primary aim of this study is to explore the role of cognitive processes as mediators in the relationship between childhood maltreatment and the dysregulated behaviors of individuals with bipolar disorder.
Methods and Materials: This study employed a descriptive and correlational research design. The statistical population consisted of all individuals with bipolar disorder who were hospitalized at Razi Psychiatric Hospital during the years 2023-2024. A total of two hundred individuals were selected for the research sample using convenience sampling. Data collection tools included the following: the Binge Eating Severity Scale (Gormally et al., 1982), the Deliberate Self-Harm Inventory (Gratz, 2001), the Alcohol Use Disorders Identification Test (Saunders et al., 1989), the Childhood Trauma Questionnaire (CTQ), the Cognitive Abilities Questionnaire (Nejati, 2013), the Difficulties in Emotion Regulation Scale- Short Form (Kaufman et al., 2016), the Acceptance and Action Questionnaire (Bond et al., 2011), and the Levels of Self-Criticism Scale (Thompson & Zuroff, 2004). Data analysis was conducted using SPSS and LISREL software, employing Pearson correlation and structural equation modeling techniques.
Findings: The study's results indicated that cognitive processes—including cognitive ability, self-criticism, experiential avoidance, and difficulties in emotion regulation—play a mediating role in the relationship between childhood maltreatment and dysregulated behaviors, such as alcohol consumption, binge eating, and non-suicidal self-injury, in individuals with bipolar disorder. The statistical fit of the model was strong, with the following indices: CFI= 0.96, NNFI= 0.95, IFI= 0.96, GFI= 0.92, and RMSEA= 0.072.
Conclusions: People with bipolar disorder who experienced childhood maltreatment often exhibit dysregulated behaviors due to cognitive processes. Therefore, clinical interventions focusing on cognitive processes are essential in preventing maladaptive behaviors in this population.