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Introduction: Presentations of Irritable Bowel Syndrome (IBS) is influenced by numerous cultural, racial and social factors. Some evidences indicate that psycho-education can potentially improve the Quality Of Life (QOL) in these patients. The aim of this study was to evaluate the effects of psycho-education on the QOL in a sample of Iranian patients with IBS.  Method and Materials: This clinical trial was conducted on 44 patients who were randomly assigned to an experiment group and a control one. The two groups were matched for age, sex, level of education, job status and level of stress. The control group received only drug therapy while the case group participated in a three-session educational program as well. The content of educations included information about anatomy of the intestines, pathopysiology of IBS and potential causes of symptom aggravation, as well as stress manage-ment and problem solving skills training. The QOL Short Form scale for IBS patients (IBS QOL-SF36) were administerd to both groups before the first and one month after the last session of psycho-education. Data were analysed using T-student and Chi-square tests running SPSS-10 software. Findings: The mean age of the control and the case group was 33.5±8 and 37.5±10 years respectively. Most of the patients in both groups were female, married and urban resident, with no significant differences in this regards. There was also no significant difference between the two groups regarding the mean scores of IBS-QOL-SF36.  Discussion: In the short term follow up psycho-education was not effective in improving the QOL in patients with IBS. A long-term evaluation as well as a large sample size is needed for more reliable conclusions. 

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Aim and Background: The aim of this study was to investigate the effectiveness of the use of computers on learning prerequisite mathematical concepts and other cognitive concepts among children with autism. Methods and Materials: This was a quasi-experiment study with pretest and posttest and control group. The study population included 60 children with autism who were 6 to 14 years of age, and recieving training in the Isfahan Autism Center, Iran. From among them, 16 children were randomly selected and were matched based on the severity of their autistic symptoms. The subjects were randomly assigned to two control and experimental groups (n = 8). The participants in the experimental group received 6 months of intervention with the use of computers and applied behavior analysis (ABA) method. The control group only underwent the ABA. Subjects were evaluated in terms of comprehension of prerequisite mathematical and cognitive concepts using the researcher-made checklist. Data were analyzed using ANCOVA. Findings : A significant difference was observed between the two groups in terms of cognitive and prerequisite mathematical concepts (P = 0.009 and P = 0.001, respectively) in the posttest. Conclusions: It seems that the use of computers in combination with ABA method is effective in prerequisite mathematical and cognitive concepts learning among children with autism.

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Aim and Background: Migraine is one of the most common neurological diseases and one of the factors that reduce the overall quality of life of patients. On the other hand, various factors such as psychological characteristics and emotional problems are important in determining the severity of problems caused by this disorder. Two important factors are the emotion regulation and distress tolerance. The aim of this study was to compare the quality of life, emotion regulation and distress tolerance in migraine and non-migraine individuals.
Methods and Materials: The study was a causal-comparative study. The statistical population consisted of all individuals with migraine referring to neurosurgical clinics in Kashan in spring and summer of 2018 as well as non-migraine individuals from the general population. Two groups of 40 individuals, one group of migraine sufferers and the other group of non-disabled individuals, were selected from the statistical population. Participants completed these instruments: World Health Organization Quality of Life Scale (WHOQOL-BREF), Difficulties in Emotion Regulation Scale (DERS) and Distress Tolerance Scale (DTS). Data analyzed using SPSS-19 software and independent t-test.
Findings: There was a significant difference between the two groups in the quality of life (t=-7.56), emotion dysregulation (t= 9.19) and distress tolerance (t=-3.42).
Conclusions: People with migraine reported lower quality of life and distress tolerance compared to non-migraine patients. They also had more difficulty adjusting their emotions. These patients are unable to tolerate distress because they cannot relieve their pain. As a result, migraine, as a chronic pain, disrupts daily activities and decreases quality of life.