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Background: Special care needs of mentally retarded children can affect the mental health of the mother. The purpose of this study was the efficacy of Mindfulness-Based Cognitive Therapy (MBCT) on reducing depression and increasing life expectancy of mothers with mentally retarded children. Methods: This study was a two group quasi-experimental plan with pre and post test. The population has formed mothers with mentally retarded children that are registered by welfare organization. Using cluster random sampling, 96 individuals were selected. They Completed the Beck Depression Inventory (BDI-II). Among them, 28 patients were selected that they had the highest depression scores. They assigned randomly in two groups (MBCT and control). The MBCT group received 9 sessions of Mindfulness-based cognitive therapy. Each session lasted 90 minutes. The control group did not receive any intervention. The subjects in both groups completed the BDI-II and life expectancy scale before and after intervention in MBCT group. Data were analyzed by ANOVA. Findings: Clients receiving MBCT compared to control group reported a significantly decrease in depression scores, and a significantly increase in improve in life expectancy scores at post treatment. Conclusion: Interventions based on mindfulness training can be effective in reducing depression and improving life expectancy of mothers with mentally retarded children. Therefore, apply MBCT programs at rehabilitation centers of welfare organization can be effective for prevention of distress of mothers with mentally retarded children.

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Aim and Background: Emotion regulation is a key factor in determination of health and successful performance in social interactions and its effect on exocrine dysfunction is of particular importance due to the flexible nature of adolescence and foundations of adult behavioral patterns. Therefore, the aim of this study was to determine the effectiveness of excitement process management strategies on the impulsivity of adolescent girls with oppositional defiant disorder (ODD). Methods and Materials: In the present study, 3 subjects were selected using purposive sampling method from among all 14-18 year old adolescents with ODD in schools of Najafabad (Isfahan, Iran). This study was implemented within the framework of a single-subject experimental design using stepwise multiple baseline design. After baseline, excitement process management strategies were presented to subjects based on Gross model during 8 individual intervention sessions. After one month, follow-up was conducted during 3 consecutive months. Using the Barratt Impulsiveness Scale (BIS), the subjects were assessed 11 times (4 times for baseline, 4 for intervention, and 3 for follow-up). The indexes of process changes, slope, and effect size, Cohen's coefficient, and interpretation of ups and downs were presented in SPSS software. Findings: The intervention reduced the subjects' impulsiveness scores. Review of the effect coefficient size and the effectiveness charts indicates the remarkable and significant effect of intervention intensity for all three subjects in all studied variables. Conclusions: The results showed that excitement process management strategies are effective on the impulsivity of adolescent girls with ODD. Therefore, it has satisfactory practical implications in the treatment and prevention of ODD.

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Aim and Background: The objective of the present study was investigating the effectiveness of acceptance and commitment therapy (ACT) on anxiety sensitivity and quality of life in patients with hypertension who suffer from avoidance personality traits. Methods and Materials: This research was a case study. The statistical population included all patients with primary hypertension who referred to healthcare centers of Isfahan, Iran, in 2016, and their arterial blood pressure was greater than 140/90 mmHg and their disease was confirmed by the physician. They had no history of heart disease and renal failure and according to the psychiatrist, based on Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders-5 th Edition (DSM-5) and screening with Millon Clinical Multiaxial Inventory-III (MCMI-III) on A2 scale, avoidance personality trait was detected in them. Out of them, three patients were selected through targeted sampling. Two sessions were spent on the interview and baseline explaining, and then intervention for ACT treatment was performed in 8 sessions based on Hayes et al. model, which was done individually for 100 minutes, followed by a follow-up phase. The tools used in this study included Anxiety Sensitivity Index-Revised (ASI-R) and Quality of Life Questionnaire [36-item short-form health survey (SF-36)]. The indexes of process changes, effect size, and Cohen's coefficient were presented. Findings: ACT method reduced anxiety sensivity and increased the quality of life in patients with hypertension having avoidance personality trait. The effect size showed a significant effect for all three patients. Conclusions: ACT approach is effective on anxiety sensitivity and quality of life in patients with hypertension having avoidance personality trait.