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Aim and Background: Being abused during childhood and adolescence is one of the important risk factors of substance dependence. The purpose of this study was to compare child abuse in patients with substance dependence and non-dependent persons in Isfahan, Iran. Methods and Materials: This causal-comparative study was conducted on 120 male substance dependent patients who referred to therapeutic centers in Isfahan (clinical group). The subjects were selected through cluster sampling. The clinical group was compared with 120 non-dependent men as the control group. The Child Abuse Self Report Survey (CASRS) was used to collect data. Findings: Our results indicated that the rates of physical, sexual, and affective abuse in the clinical group were significantly more than the control group (P < 0.05). On the other hand, neglect was more frequent in the control group. Conclusions: According to our results, being abused in childhood is one of the risk factors for substance dependence disorder in adulthood. Therefore, Iranian parents need more training on how to treat their children.

Keywords: Child abuse, Substances dependence, Non- Dependent persons.

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